Other Flashcards
What is gynaecomastia
Abnormal amount of breast tissue in males
What causes
Increased oestrogen / androgen ratio Physiological Androgen deficiency - Kallman Extra oestrgoen - Klienefelter Testicular failure e.g. mumps Liver disease Testicular cancer secreting hCG Ectopic tumour Hyperthyroid Hyper-prolactina Haemodialysis Spirnolactone - most common Drugs - cannabis / finasteride
What is insulinoma
Neuroendocrine tumour from pancreatic Islets
Leads to elevated C peptide level indicative of insulin secreting tumour
What are the symptoms
Hypoglycaemia Rapid weight gain High insulin Raised pro-insulin to insulin rratio High C peptide
How do you Dx
Supervised fasting
CT pancreas
How do you Rx
Surgery
What is Barterr’s
Inherited AR severe hypokalaemia due to defective Na/K/Cl transporter in ascending loop of henle
Alkalosis
What is associated
Normal to low BP
Unlike other endocrine causes of hypokalaemia - Conn’s / Cushing
What is Barterr’s like and why
Taking large doses of loop diuretics as work by inhibiting same thing
What are symptoms
FTT Polyuria Polydipsia Hypokalaemia Alkalosis Normal to low BP Weakness
How does Mg affect Ca
Required for PTH secretion
May cause hypocalcaemia and make unresponsive to calcium + vit D
Can lead to hyper excitability
What is Liddle’s
Rare AD causing hypertension and hypokalaemia alkalosis
