Other Flashcards
Endometriosis
Growth of endometrium outside of the uterine cavity
Risk factors for endometriosis
Family history
Early menarche
Nulliparity
S/S of endometriosis
Dysmenorrhea
Pelvic pain
Dyspareunia
Infertility
Tender nodules in posterior vaginal fornix
Pain with uterine motion
Diagnosis of endometriosis
US
Laparoscopy with biopsy
Laparoscopy for endometriosis
Powder burn
Chocolate cysts
Treatment of endometriosis
Mild: NSAIDs and OCP
Severe: hormonal tx and surgery
Common causes of female infertility
Endometriosis
Pelvic adhesions
Tubal blockage
Ovulatory disorders
Best way to tell if you’re ovulating
LH
When to check serum progesterone?
Day 21 of cycle
Decreased ovarian reserve = ___ FSH
Increased
Methods of ovulation induction
Clomid
Letrazole
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
Sperm washed and concentrated and then injected into endometrial cavity
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
Sperm and ova are combined in vitro and then transferred into endometrial cavity
How to overcome tubal issues for infertility
IVF
Treatment of cervical issues of infertility
IUI
Lactational amenorrhea
Exclusive breastfeeding leading to amenorrhea and contraception
MOA of OCP
Ovulation suppression
Benefits of combination OCP use
Reduced endometrial and ovarian cancer
Increase bone mass
Acne improvements
Dysmenorrhea improvement
SE of combo OCP use
VTE
Cervical dysplasia
Breast cancer
CI of combo OCP use
Migraines with aura
Smokers over 35
Hx of VTE
Hx of breast cancer
CI for progestin only OCP use
Breast cancer
Paragard characteristics (Copper IUD)
Every 10 years
Non-hormonal
Nexplanon characteristics (implant)
Every 3 years
Progesterone only
Depo characteristics (injection)
Every 3 months
Progesterone only
IUD characteristics
Progesterone only
S/S of leiomyoma
Mostly asymptomatic
Pelvic pain/pressure
Enlarged uterus
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Diagnosis of leiomyoma
US
Treatment of leiomyoma
Observation
NSAIDs
Surgery
Etiology of functional ovarian cyst
Cyclic ovarian changes
S/S of functional ovarian cyst
Menstrual irregularities
Pelvic pain/pressure
Diagnosis of functional ovarian cyst
Pelvic US
MC functional ovarian cyst
Follicular
Cause of follicular cyst
Failure in ovulation
Treatment of functional cyst
Observation
Cause of corpus luteum cyst
Accumulation of fluid inside corpus luteum
Etiology of theca lutein cyst
Elevated HCG
S/S of PCOS
Weight gain
Hirsutism
Pelvic pain
Menstrual abnormalities
Diagnosis of PCOS
Clinical
US
High LH, low FSH
Treatment of PCOS
Lifestyle changes
COC
Treat symptoms
