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Prudent Use of AB > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

For how long shall be valid a veterinary prescription for antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products from the date of its issue, according to the new EU regulation on veterinary medicines?

A

5 Days

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2
Q

How did change the veterinary antimicrobial consumption during the last 5 years in the EU?

A

Decreased

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3
Q

Systemic treatment is needed in this case of otitis?

A

Suppurative otitis externa

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4
Q

Which of the following bacteria can cause polyserositis of swine?

A

Streptococcus suis

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5
Q

Which parameter is pharmacokinetic?

A

Cmax

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6
Q

Zinc sulphate can be used topically to treat…?

A

Interdigital dermatitis

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7
Q

‘Single shot’ antibiotics can be used against…?

A

BRDC

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8
Q

True or False:
It is inevitable to remember the pharmacodynamic properties of certain antimicrobials to be able to reduce the spreading of resistance. Based on this knowledge macrolide antibiotics are advised to use in high dosages for short period of time.

A

False

FQs and AGs are

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9
Q

True or False:

As of February 2022, the prophylactic used of antimicrobials will be limited to the individual treatment of animals.

A

False

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10
Q

True or False:

The most common form of antibiotics used by veterinarians is a solution and premix

A

True

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11
Q

True or False:

The spread of antimicrobial resistance can be slowed down?

A

True

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12
Q

True or False:

From 2022, when antibiotics are added to feed, the duration of prophylactic treatment must not exceed two weeks.

A

False

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13
Q

True or False:
The PK/PD analysis is (AUC/MIC model) helps estimate the degree of spreading antimicrobial resistance. The higher the ratio the higher the chance is for selection of mutant bacteria resistant to the given antimicrobial agent.

A

False

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14
Q

True or False:
It is proven, that animal products can transfer antimicrobial resistance to people, the most important and versatile vector of it is the E. coli.

A

E. coli

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15
Q

True or False:
In case of time dependent bactericidal antibiotics their maximum concentration should be at least six times higher in the treated compartment than the MIC volume of the given antibiotic agent for the given infectious bacterium isolate.

A

False

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16
Q

True or False:
Multiple causes can be present in the background of BRDC, while the treatment of which the bacterial resistance is rare. Most of the empirically suitable antibiotics can treat the disease in case of P. Multocida, M. Haemolytica and M. Bovis infectious background as well.

A

False

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17
Q

True or False:
The treatment of calf E. Coli diarrhoea depends on the severity of the animal, in case of lack of systemic symptoms the usage of antibiotic agents is not advised, fluid and electrolyte therapy is recommended.

A

True

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18
Q

True or False:
For the treatment of Escherichia coli diarrhoea in weaned piglets, enrofloxacin is the best choice, taking into account pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, antibiotic susceptibility and public health considerations.

A

False

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19
Q

True or False:
In case of furunculosis, usually 3 weeks of systemic antibacterial treatment needed, because gram-negative rods are frequent in this disease

A

False

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20
Q

What is the recommended treatment duration in feline rhinotracheitis?

A

7-10 days acute, 4-6 weeks chronic

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21
Q

An in vivo test method for determining resistance to anthelmintics

A

Faecal egg count reduction test

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22
Q

True or False:

Usually there’s a background disease behind pyoderma, which is most commonly allergy or parasitic infection

A

True

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23
Q

True or False:

BRDC is caused by fastidious organism and it’s resistance is low

A

True

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24
Q

Which anti liver fluke agent is characteristic to be active against young flukes under 6 weeks of age?

A

Closantel

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25
Q

True or False:

Tris-EDTA is a recommended agent in otitis externa, because it has good antibiofilm effect?

A

True

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26
Q

True or False:
It is enough to treat superficial pyoderma only topically, because bacteria are only present on the skin’s surface in this case

A

False

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27
Q

True or False:
Poultry feed cannot contain narazin if the animals are treated with tiamulin, because the CYP inhibitory activity of narazin can lead to severe toxic interaction

A

True

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28
Q

Resistance rates are the worse in this species

A

Swine

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29
Q

True or False:

Usually systemic treatment is not needed in case of intertrigo

A

True

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30
Q

True or False:

Consumption of fluoroquinolones should be decreased in veterinary practice

A

True

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31
Q

What is general indication (in case of antibiotics)?

A

The indication says that the product is indicated against bacteria that are sensitive to that antibiotic

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32
Q

Which antiparasitic became inactive because of the change of Skdr gene in voltage gated sodium ion channel?

A

Cypermethrin

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33
Q

This method is NOT applied to prevent the development of resistance against antiparasitic

A

Dilution

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34
Q

It causes delayed repolarization of Na+ ion channels in parasites

A

Flumethrin

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35
Q

This antiparasitic agent is an antagonist of GABA mediated Cl- ion channels

A

Afoxolaner

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36
Q

Which antiparasitic became inactive because of the change of RDI gene in GABA(A)?

A

Dieldrin

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37
Q

Which agent is most effective in shampoos for cellulitis?

A

Benzoyl Peroxide

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38
Q 
Which pathogens can be involved in CIRDC?
A) Bordetella bronchiseptica
B) Parainfluenza virus
C) Both of them
D) None of them
A

C) Both of them

39
Q

How should antibiotics be administered in case of pneumonia in dogs?

A

IV injection

40
Q 
In poultry, staphylococcus aureus can cause
A) Arthritis
B) Dermatitis
C) Both of them
D) None of them
A

C) Both of them

41
Q

Which pathogen can cause polyserositis of swine?

A

Streptococcus suis

42
Q

In poultry, staphylococcus aureus can cause?

A

Septicaemia

43
Q

True or False:
In interdigital dermatitis, topical antibiotic therapy is enough, while interdigital phlegmon required
systemic antibiotic therapy

A

True

44
Q

Fowl cholera causes high mortality in which species?

A

Duck

45
Q

In poultry, Escherichia coli can cause?

A

CRD

46
Q

In poultry, Escherichia coli can cause?

A

Granulomatosis

47
Q 
In poultry, Escherichia coli can cause:
A) Pericarditis
B) Salpingitis
C) Both of them
D) None of them
A

C) Both of them

48
Q

How should time dependent bactericidal antibiotics be given?

A

At least 3-5 days, in the recommended dose (which reach higher concentration in the animals than the
MIC value of the pathogen)

49
Q

Is it allowed to use veterinary antibiotics for the purpose of preventing infectious diseases according to the law in force?

A

It is allowed

50
Q

How can we prevent antibiotic resistance?

A

Perform a PK/PD analysis

51
Q

How would you define the MIC?

A

The lowest concentration of the antibiotic, where bacteria can’t grow

52
Q

Is it legal to give an antibiotic authorized for dogs to cats?

A

Yes it is, if no authorized product is available and it is not contradicted by the SPC of that product

53
Q 
Which susceptibility testing method can be used for PK/PD analysis:
A) Disc diffusion
B) Microdilution
C) Both of them
D) None of them
A

C) Both of them

54
Q

What is metaphylaxis?

A

The administration of a medicinal product to a group of animals after a diagnosis of clinical disease in part
of the group has been established

55
Q

Which pathogen is the most frequent in pharyngitis in companion animals?

A

Strepto in dogs, Pasteurella in cats

56
Q

True or False?
Narrow spectrum penicillin’s are usually sufficient for the treatment of acute bacterial pharyngitis and
tonsillitis, but in many cases (e.g. acute, mild, only viruses are present) they don’t need to be treated with antibiotics at all

A

True

57
Q

In which respiratory infection is it necessary to use AB?

A

Canine distemper

58
Q

Does present law allow mixing antibiotics into the feed of animals?

A

Yes

59
Q

True or False:
Streptococci and Pasteurella spp frequently cause the following infections in companion animals:
Bronchitis and pneumonia in dogs, Rhinitis and sinusitis in dogs and Pharyngitis and tonsillitis
in dogs

A

True

60
Q

Are you allowed to use veterinary antibiotics off-label?

A

Yes

61
Q

How can we prevent antibiotic resistance?

A

Must know pharmacodynamics of antibacterial agents
Use antibiotics for prevention and not for treatment
Perform antibiotic susceptibility tests regularly

62
Q

True or False:

“Single shot” antibiotics can be used against both GI and Respiratory infections?

A

True

63
Q

True or False:
Rhinitis is more frequently causes by viruses than bacteria, so in many cases antibiotic treatment is not
necessary

A

True

64
Q

Which drug can be used topically to treat canine pyoderma?

A

Silver sulfadiazine

65
Q

Most typical mechanism of action of decreased susceptibility to macrocyclic lactones

A

Increased transport

66
Q

The target receptor of Amitraz

A

Octopamine receptor

67
Q

Most typical mechanism of action of real resistance to Fipronil

A

Ligand-mediated chloride ion channel intracellular domain alteration

68
Q

Which drugs can be cross-resistant?

A

Dieldrin and Fipronil

69
Q

Most typical mechanism of action of decreased susceptibility to Organophosphates?

A

Increased activity of esterase enzymes

70
Q

Mechanism of resistance to…. Is ligand-mediated chloride ion channel intracellular domain alteration

A

Isooxazolines

71
Q

Most typical mechanism of action of real resistance to Benzimidazoles

A

Beta-tubulin binding site change

72
Q

Mechanism of resistance is to…. is changes in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

A

Imidazothiazoles

73
Q

Most typical mechanism of action of decreased susceptibility to pyrethroids

A

Increased efflux

74
Q

List the AMEG A Antibiotics

A

Avoid - only Smalls, NEVER FPA
Vancomycin
Amikacin
Rifampicin

75
Q

List the AMEG B Antibiotics

A

Restrict - CIA highest priority, farm animals
Fluoroquinolones
3rd and 4th Generation Cephalosporins
Colistin

76
Q

List the AMEG C Antibiotics

A 
Caution
1st and 2nd Generation Cephalosporins
AmoxiClav
Aminoglycosides
Florfenicol
Macrolides
Lincosamides
Pleuromutilins
77
Q

List the AMEG D Antibiotics

A 
Prudence - preferred in vet med
Amoxicillin
Penicillins
Tetracyclines
PotSA
78
Q

There is a UTI infection in a GSD. From the urine sample E. Coli could be cultured, which has 32 𝞵g/ml MIC value to amoxicillin. Regarding the table, the substance will be effective during the treatment.

A

True

79
Q

There is a UTI infection in a shih-tzu dog. From the urine sample MRSA could be cultured, which has 64 𝞵g/ml MIC value to amikacin. Regarding to the table and PK/PD analysis, the substance will NOT be effective during the treatment.

A

True

80
Q

There is a UTI infection in a 10 year old Persian cat. From the urine sample E. Coli could be cultured, which has 4 𝞵g/ml MIC value to cefovecin. Regarding to the table and PK/PD analysis, the substance will be effective during the treatment.

A

False

81
Q

There is a UTI infection in a 4 year old pug. From the urine sample Enterococcus faecalis could be cultured, which has 8 𝞵g/ml MIC value to doxycycline. Regarding to the table and PK/PD analysis, the substance will NOT be effective during the treatment

A

False

82
Q

Septic mastitis treatment in companion animals?

A

AmoxiClav + Enrofloxacin IV

83
Q

Non-septic mastitis treatment in companion animals?

A

Gram +: Clindamycin, Macrolides

Gram -: FQ

84
Q

Companion animal ACUTE pharyngitis/tonsillitis treatment?

A

Narrow spectrum penicillins

85
Q

Companion animal CHRONIC pharyngitis/tonsillitis treatment?

A

Azithromycin, Clarithromycin

86
Q

First choice in companion animal rhinitis/sinusitis?

A

Doxycycline

87
Q

First choice in feline rhinotracheitis?

A

Doxycycline

88
Q

First choice in feline rhinotracheitis caused by Pasteurella?

A

AmoxiClav

89
Q

Treatment of life-threatening bronchitis/pneumonia in dogs and cats?

A

AmoxiClav IV
Cefuroxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone IV +
Enrofloxacin/Marbofloxacin IV OR Gentamicin/Tobramycin/Amikacin

90
Q

Treatment of non life-threatening bronchitis/pneumonia in dogs and cats?

A

Tetracyclines, Macrolides (rehydrate patient), PotSA

91
Q

First choice in Kennel cough?

A

Doxycycline

92
Q

Aspiration pneumonia (ARDS) treatment in dogs/cats?

A

Broad spectrum Beta-lactam + Enrofloxacin + Metronidazole

93
Q

Glucocorticoids are contraindicated in which 2 companion animal diseases?

A

Kennel cough and Aspiration Pneumonia

94
Q

Treatment of pyothorax in companion animals?

A

Broad spectrum Beta-lactam + FQ + Metronidazole IV then PO, for 3-6 weeks

Prudent Use of AB (5 decks)

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