OTA week two Flashcards
what is the difference between tired and fatigue?
tired: improves with rest
fatigue: ongoing, affects different skills
what are the types of fatigue?
central fatigue and peripheral fatigue
central fatigue
- Originates from CNS – brain and spinal cord. Associated with mental fatigue that results in decreased motivation, concentration and overall performance
- Initiation and coordination of movement
- Attention to task and task engagement
- Hypervigilance vs hypo-vigilance
peripheral fatigue
- This originates from the muscles in the PNS
- Caused by accumulation of metabolic byproducts like lactic acid
- This leads to muscle weakness, soreness, and decrease in muscle force production
- “The fatigue of disability” – extra energy expenditures
- Efficiency of movement
things to remember about central and peripheral fatigue?
- both can occur with neuro conditions
- vicious cycle of fatigue, deconditioning and the worsening of other medical conditions
what are the medical contributors to neuro fatigue
- sleep apnea
- anemia
- vitamin b12 and d deficiency
- diabetes
- pain
what is the viscious cycle factors?
- lack of exercise
- dehydration
- poor nutrition
- poor sleep hygiene
- skin breakdown from lying/sitting
how can you assess fatigue?
Self-report
- Questionnaires
- Picture based
- Guided self-rating during tasks
Observations during tasks
- Adl
- Grasp
what are general management strategies?
- nutrition
- hydration
- sleep
- mobility
sleep
- heals brain
- good for post injury or chronic conditions
areas to grade
- Sensory – light touch
- Motor - rom
- Cognitive and perceptual - alertness
- Psychosocial – self control
grading considerations
- Goal of treatment
- Demna
- Therapeutic impact
- Assistive technology
- Physical vs virtual vs mental imagery
- Measurements of outcomes
grading activities principles
- Treatment plan established
- Detailed depending on OT and setting
- If result is 100% success, plan is not appropriate
- Client is a dynamic being
- Treatment plan has some fluidity
- OTA needs to adapt and provide feedback to client and OT
grading activities
- Time of day
- Number of reps
- Set up vs no set up
- Part of body used – right vs left
- Type of grasp needed – gross vs refined
- Weight needed to be lifted – light vs heavy
in developmental stages, which types of skills are to be considered?
- motor
- communication
- cognitive
- sensory
- social
what is a primitive reflex?
- group of motor reflexes in kids
- start to grow in utero and feotus
- can originate at spinal level or brainstem level
- it helps the baby to survive when their nervous system is not fully developed
- it helps the baby move
types of neuro conditions in infants and kids
- congenital
- heredity
- trauma
- tumors
- infections
neuro peds conditions
- seizure and epilepsy
- muscular dystrophies
- tbi
- sci
- peds cancer
conditions
- adhd
- autism
- developmental delays
- fetal alcohol spectrum
- cp
what is cp
- caused by abnormal brain development or damage to part of brain that controls muscles
- affects movement, balance, and muscle tone that leads to rigidity in joints, involuntary movement
- treatment: meds, ot pt
The types of affected parts in CP
- Quadriplegia/bilateral: all 4 limbs
- diplegia/bilateral: either both legs or both arms affected
- hemiplegia/unilateral: either right arm and right leg affected, or left leg and left arm affected
what is the gross motor function classification system?
- considers current age and functions mobility skills, gives insight if child needs mobility aids
scales from 1-5; 1 being independent
what is manual ability classification system?
ability of children 4-18 to handle objects in everyday activities
1-5, 1 being independent
difference between muscle tone and muscle strength
muscle tone: tension in muscle at rest
muscle strength: muscle’s ability to contact and create force
