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OTA > OTA week two > Flashcards

OTA week two Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between tired and fatigue?

A

tired: improves with rest

fatigue: ongoing, affects different skills

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2
Q

what are the types of fatigue?

A

central fatigue and peripheral fatigue

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3
Q

central fatigue

A
  • Originates from CNS – brain and spinal cord. Associated with mental fatigue that results in decreased motivation, concentration and overall performance
  • Initiation and coordination of movement
  • Attention to task and task engagement
  • Hypervigilance vs hypo-vigilance
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4
Q

peripheral fatigue

A
  • This originates from the muscles in the PNS
  • Caused by accumulation of metabolic byproducts like lactic acid
  • This leads to muscle weakness, soreness, and decrease in muscle force production
  • “The fatigue of disability” – extra energy expenditures
  • Efficiency of movement
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5
Q

things to remember about central and peripheral fatigue?

A
  • both can occur with neuro conditions
  • vicious cycle of fatigue, deconditioning and the worsening of other medical conditions
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6
Q

what are the medical contributors to neuro fatigue

A
  • sleep apnea
  • anemia
  • vitamin b12 and d deficiency
  • diabetes
  • pain
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7
Q

what is the viscious cycle factors?

A
  • lack of exercise
  • dehydration
  • poor nutrition
  • poor sleep hygiene
  • skin breakdown from lying/sitting
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8
Q

how can you assess fatigue?

A

Self-report
- Questionnaires
- Picture based
- Guided self-rating during tasks
Observations during tasks
- Adl
- Grasp

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9
Q

what are general management strategies?

A
  • nutrition
  • hydration
  • sleep
  • mobility
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10
Q

sleep

A
  • heals brain
  • good for post injury or chronic conditions
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11
Q

areas to grade

A
  • Sensory – light touch
  • Motor - rom
  • Cognitive and perceptual - alertness
  • Psychosocial – self control
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12
Q

grading considerations

A
  • Goal of treatment
  • Demna
  • Therapeutic impact
  • Assistive technology
  • Physical vs virtual vs mental imagery
  • Measurements of outcomes
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13
Q

grading activities principles

A
  • Treatment plan established
  • Detailed depending on OT and setting
  • If result is 100% success, plan is not appropriate
  • Client is a dynamic being
  • Treatment plan has some fluidity
  • OTA needs to adapt and provide feedback to client and OT
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14
Q

grading activities

A
  • Time of day
  • Number of reps
  • Set up vs no set up
  • Part of body used – right vs left
  • Type of grasp needed – gross vs refined
  • Weight needed to be lifted – light vs heavy
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15
Q

in developmental stages, which types of skills are to be considered?

A
  • motor
  • communication
  • cognitive
  • sensory
  • social
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16
Q

what is a primitive reflex?

A
  • group of motor reflexes in kids
  • start to grow in utero and feotus
  • can originate at spinal level or brainstem level
  • it helps the baby to survive when their nervous system is not fully developed
  • it helps the baby move
17
Q

types of neuro conditions in infants and kids

A
  • congenital
  • heredity
  • trauma
  • tumors
  • infections
18
Q

neuro peds conditions

A
  • seizure and epilepsy
  • muscular dystrophies
  • tbi
  • sci
  • peds cancer
19
Q

conditions

A
  • adhd
  • autism
  • developmental delays
  • fetal alcohol spectrum
  • cp
20
Q

what is cp

A
  • caused by abnormal brain development or damage to part of brain that controls muscles
  • affects movement, balance, and muscle tone that leads to rigidity in joints, involuntary movement
  • treatment: meds, ot pt
21
Q

The types of affected parts in CP

A
  • Quadriplegia/bilateral: all 4 limbs
  • diplegia/bilateral: either both legs or both arms affected
  • hemiplegia/unilateral: either right arm and right leg affected, or left leg and left arm affected
22
Q

what is the gross motor function classification system?

A
  • considers current age and functions mobility skills, gives insight if child needs mobility aids

scales from 1-5; 1 being independent

23
Q

what is manual ability classification system?

A

ability of children 4-18 to handle objects in everyday activities

1-5, 1 being independent

24
Q

difference between muscle tone and muscle strength

A

muscle tone: tension in muscle at rest

muscle strength: muscle’s ability to contact and create force

25
Q

what is the difference between spasticity and rigidity?

A

spasticity: increased resistance to movement; velocity dependent, more resistance in ONE direction of the movement

rigidity: resistance to passive movement; not velocity-dependent, same resistance in ALL directions

26
Q

what about parkinson’s makes energy conservation challenging? name at least 3 things

A
  • bradykinesia
  • tremors
  • fatigue
27
Q

what other factors also impact on willies energy level?

A
  • lack of self care
  • loss of motivation
  • stress of personal condition and wife’s condition
28
Q

How should the OTA be positioned during the different exercises performed
by the child? What needs to be considered? What about safety issues?

A

The OTA should be avoiding bending their backs and stay close behind to the ball by having the ball in between your legs. Instead, they can be on their knees to have good body mechanics. The size of the ball should be an appropriate size for the child. As for safety issues the OTA should be close by the child in case of any falls. The environment should be a clear space.

29
Q

what ways could you use the therapy ball to provide…

A

-Proprioceptive input: rode the horsey
-Gross motor strengthening: row your boat
-Balance: lifting and carrying
-Postural control: tummy time
-Visual motor coordination: rolling across the floor
-Fine motor/UE function: balancing act

OTA (4 decks)

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