Osteoporosis + Hip Fractures

Question 1

At around age 30 bone…

Answer 1

Bone reabsorption > bone formation

Question 2

Dexa Scan Results

Answer 2

Normal: -1

Osteopenia: -1 to -2.5

Osteoporosis: Less than or equal to -2.5

Severe Osteoporosis: Less than or equal to -2.5

Question 3

Osteoporosis Characteristics

Answer 3

1. Low bone mass
2. Micro-architectural deterioration
3. Increase in bone fragility
4. Susceptibility to fracture

Question 4

Osteoporosis: RF

Answer 4

• Ageing
• Female
• Caucasian
• Hx of fracture as adult
• Family Hx
• Low body weight (<127)
• Smoking
• Alcohol
• Corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive drugs

Question 5

Other RF for Osteoporosis

Answer 5

• Thin small frame
• Lack of weight bearing exercises
• Lack of calcium + vitamin D
• Eating disorders, gastric bypass
• Lack of estrogen/testosterone
• Excess caffeine

Question 6

What is FRAX

Answer 6

Prediction tool for assessing individual risk of fracture

-used to provide treatment guidelines

-Calculates a 10 year risk score of
≥ 3% hip fracture

-And > 20% major osteoporotic fracture

Question 7

Osteoporosis Patho

Answer 7

Osteoclasts vs Osteoblasts

1. Failure to make new bone or
2. Increased reabsorption or
3. Both!

Question 8

3 common factures from Osteoporosis

Answer 8

1. Hip: Femoral neck
2. Wrist
3. Vertebrae (compression fracture)

Question 9

Hip Fracture RF

Answer 9

>65
Female
Medical Hx of:
-Osteoporosis
-Frequent falls

Question 10

Hip Fracture: Presentation

Answer 10

• Sudden onset of hip fracture before or after fall
• Inability to walk
• Severe groin pain
• Tenderness
• Affected leg is externally rotated
• Affected extremity is

Question 11

Osteoporosis Prevention

Answer 11

1. Calcium
2. Vitamin D
3. Exercise
4. Women’s health initiative study