Osteoporosis Flashcards
Define osteoporosis
Skeletal disorder characterised by compromised bone strength, predisposing a person to an increased risk of fracture
Name some risk factors of osteoporosis
- Sex, female - loss of estrogen mean lack of opg therefore less bone density
- Age
- Poor calcium/vit. d intake
- low bmi
- immobility
- smoking
- family history
How is osteoporosis Diagnosed
xray or using a dxa examination - meaures bone density
Name some treatment of osteoporosis
Smoking, having a balanced diet, exercises and weight bearing execises
Define scoliosis
An abnormal lateral curve or rotation of the spine
Name some symptoms of osteoporosis
- Increased kyphosis - caused by wedged bones
- First fracture mot commonly the wrist or femur
- No symptoms are normally visible before the first fracture occurs
- back pain and hunched back
- loss in height
What is the surface marker for the spine of scapula
T3
What is the surface marker for the bottom of the scapula
T7
What is the surface marker for where the spinal cord ends
L1/2
What movement does the lordotic spine allow
flexion
What movement does the thoracic spine allow
rotation
What occurs from the secondary curves of the spine
Babies learn to lift their head and start walking
Define a myotome
a group of muscles supplied by a specific nerve
