Osteoporosis

Question 1

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

Answer 1

Age (59-90)
Sex
Immobile
Low body weight
Insufficient diet of Ca, P, and vitamin D
High-protein diet
Smoking
Alcohol > 2 drinks/day
Patient has had a fragility fracture in the past
Family history of hip fracture

Question 2

True/False

All postmenopausal women need lifestyle modifications regardless of their BMD and risk factors.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are diet changes to make to prevent osteoporosis?

Answer 3

Limit caffeine, alcohol, and sodium

Get Ca, Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Protein, and eat soy

Question 4

Why is soy good for preventing osteoporosis?

Answer 4

It contains weak estrogenic properties.

Question 5

Why is exercise helpful in preventing osteoporosis?

Answer 5

It decreases the risk of fracture by strengthening muscles, helping with balance, and improves coordination.

Question 6

What is the recommended exercise to prevent osteoporosis?

Answer 6

Moderate intensity weight-bearing exercise for 30 minutes on most days.

Resistance activity twice weekly for 20-30 minutes

Question 7

How does smoking increase the risk for osteoporosis?

Answer 7

It causes a decrease in sex hormones, calcium absorption, and directly affects osteoblasts

Question 8

What does the 10-year hip fracture probability have to be in order for them to receive drug therapy?

Answer 8

≥3%

Question 9

What does the 10-year major osteoporosis-related fracture probability have to be for a patient to receive drug therapy?

Answer 9

≥20%

Question 10

What are the daily calcium requirements for Adolescent women, 19-50yo women, and all women > 50yo?

Answer 10

1300mg
1000mg
1200mg

Question 11

What are the daily calcium requirements of 19-50yo men and > 70yo men?

Answer 11

1000mg

1200mg

Question 12

What is the average calcium intake of adults age 50 and older?

Answer 12

600-700mg/day