Osteoporosis

Question 1

Risk Factors for osteoporosis

Answer 1

> 35 
Family Hx
Low weight and lean frame
Diet- protein deficiency, soda, caffeine, low Ca or Vit D 
Smoking
Alcohol 
Immobility

Question 2

Diagnostic tests for osteoporosis

Answer 2

T score

Question 3

Manifestations of osteoporosis

Answer 3

Loss of height - compression fractures
Progressive curvature of spine
Low back pain
Frequent fracture

Question 4

Dietary interventions for osteoporosis

Answer 4

Protien
Magnesium
Vitamin K 
Calcium intake 
Minimal alcohol and caffeine 
Dark leafy green veggies 
Vitamin C 
Wheat bran

Question 5

Lifestyle interventions for Osteoporosis

Answer 5

Weight bearing exercise : walking swimming ROM exercises
No running or horseback riding
Smoking cessation
Fall prevention

Question 6

Pharmacological Interventions for osteoporosis

Answer 6

Calcium supplements
Biphosphonates (Actonel and Boniva)
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (Evista)

Question 7

Patient teaching about Calcium Supplements

Answer 7

Take on an empty stomach

Maintain adequate fluid intake

Question 8

Patient education regarding Evista

Answer 8

Do not take if your have a DVT or PE ( increases risk of blood clots)
Stop before surgery
Side effects: hot flashes and leg cramps
Causes leukopenia (increases risk of infection)
Avoid steroids, Vitamin A, and heparin

Question 9

Patient education regarding biphosphonates

Answer 9

Increase calcium intake
Take in the morning
Take with water
Wait 30 mins to sit up to prevent esophageal reflux

Question 10

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 10

Decreased bone density

Osteoclastic activity is greater that osteoblastic activity