osteoporosis 4/10 Flashcards
majority of quiz material for quiz after test 3
“the silent thief”
osteoporosis
stats for osteoporosis
1 in 2 women and
1 in 4 men will experience an OP related fx
women cases are how many x more common than men
8x
why are women more likely to get OP
men consume more calcium
- women have smaller frames/less bone mass
- women go through menopause
- pregnancy and breastfeeding rapidly deplete calcium source
bone deposition
- calcium INTO bone
- stimulated by calcitonin
- osteoblasts
- BUILDERS
bone resorption
- calcium out of bone
- stimulated by PTH, RANKL
- inhibited by estrogen
osteopenia define
chronic progression of bone deterioration
areas mainly affected by osteopenia
- spine
- hips
- wrists
risk factors for OP
- older than 65
- female (post meno)
- low body weight
- caucasian or asian
- smoking/ ETOH
- family hx of OP
- diet low in Ca or vit D
meds that strip bone density
- long term corticost.
- thyroid replacement
- heparin
- long acting sedatives
- anti-epileptics
disease processes at risk for OP
- IBS
- CKD
- Cirrhosis
- RA
- Hyperthyroidism
screening for OP
- bone scan
- DEXA scan: bone mineral density measurements
bone scan
is for women age 65 or older
- if comes back clear, can wait another 15 years before next one
DEXA scan
best way to diagnose OP
- quantitative ultrasound (QUS)
S&S of OP
back pain
spontaneous fx
loss of height (2-3”)
kyphosis
tx for OP nonpharm
diet high in Ca and vit. D
regular exercise
prevention of fx’s: fall precautions
drug therapy
bisphosphonates
calcitonin
monoclonal antibodies
MOA of bisphosphonates
less osteoclasts
bisphosphonate meds
alendronate (Fosamax)
ibandronate (Boniva)
Risedronate (Actonel)
Zoledronic Acid (Reclast, Zometa)
risk of bisphosphonates (random)
jaw osteonecrosis
MOA of calcitonin
inhibits osteoclasts and increases bone resorption
calcitonin meds
selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM)
- raloxifene (Evista)
Recombinant PTH
- Teriparatide (Forteo)
- Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
general monoclonal antibodies MOA
helps body with specific disease process
monoclonal antibodies meds
denosumab (Prolia)
- subq injection given Q6mo
- for post-meno women at high risk for fx’s
Romosozumab (Evenity)
- increases bone formation
