respiratory Flashcards
3 ways pneumomia can reach lungs
aspiration
inhalation
hematogenous spread
CAP stands for
community aquired pneumonia
types of causes for CAP
streptococcus pneumoniae
MRSA
legionella pneumophilia
causes fo HAP
e. coli
klebsiella
pseudomonas
HAP stands for
hospital aquired pneumonia
classifications of penumonia by cause
microbes
aspiration
necrotizing
opportunistic
microbes pneumonia
most common
bacterial
mycoplasma (“atypical”)
aspiration pneumonia
- Due to secretions from the mouth or stomach entering the airway
- Increased risk with decreased LOC, dysphagia, NGT
- May be bacterial or chemical
necrotizing
□ Rare complication of bacterial lung infection
□ Causes liquefaction of lung tissue
Occurs with CAP
opportunistic
□ Increased risk in immunocompromised pts
- Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) or cytomegalovirus (CMV)
PA findings for PNA
crackles
egophany
increased fremitus dullness to percussion
geriatric considerations for PNA
may only have confusion or stupor
- may have hypothermia instead of fever
complications PNAq
atalectasis
pleurisy
pleural effusion
empyema
acure respiratory failure
sepsis
PNA DX
H&P adn CXR
sputum culture
blood cultures
ABGs
CBC
CURB-65
transmission for TB
airborne
class 0 TB
no exposure
class 1 TB
exposure, no infection
- no reaction o 2 skin text
