Osteoporosis

Question 0

What are the determinants of bone mass?

Answer 0

Heredity, nutrition, exercise, and hormonal function

Question 1

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 1

A chronic progressive metabolic bone disease related to Porous bones
Bone resorption exceeds formation
Low bone mass and structural deterioration, which leads bones to become fragile and susceptible to injury

Question 2

What are the many diseases that interfere with bone metabolism?

Answer 2

Intestinal malabsorption, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism, advanced alcoholism, cirrhosis, hypogonadism, diabetes

Question 3

What are the clinical manifestations of osteoporosis?

Answer 3

Insidious onset

Early symptom is usually pain and/or injury

Question 4

What is the diagnostic process for osteoporosis?

Answer 4

History and physical examination
Not visible on x-ray until up to 40% of calcium in the bone is lost
Bone mineral density measurements

Question 5

What is the collaborative care for osteoporosis?

Answer 5

Patients with osteoporosis require much psychological support to deal with the decreased quality of life related to decreased mobility and independence, disfigurement, altered body image
Prevention and treatment focuses on adequate calcium intake
Teach patients about foods that are high in calcium and calcium supplements
Teach patient about vitamin D
Teach patient about importance of exercise to bone health and muscle strength
Advise patient to stop smoking and drinking

Question 6

What is the drug therapy collaborative care for osteoporosis?

Answer 6

Estrogen replacement therapy
Calcitonin
Biophosphonate