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OS IV > osteopathic approach to the pediatric pt (Patty 2) > Flashcards

osteopathic approach to the pediatric pt (Patty 2) Flashcards

1
Q

primary flexion curves of thoracic and pelvis caused by what

A

flexion position of the embryo

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2
Q

extension curves in the ___ and ___ regions are due to

A

cervical and lumbar
functional muscle development
erectero spinae muscles

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3
Q

C spine has slight lordosis which increases when

A

as baby can support their own head

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4
Q

by week 24 fetal weeks spinal cord ends at __
at birth ___
in adults ___

A

S1
L3
L1

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5
Q

ribs and diaphragm in infant

A

ribs begin anterior
diaphragm inserts horizontally on inner surface of ribs

both become more oblique with aging

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6
Q

what helps to protect the CNS during vaginal delivery

A

frontal, maxilla, mandible

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7
Q

infants are born with ___ fontanels

name them

A

anterior
posterior
2 mastoid
2 sphenoid

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8
Q

posterior fontanel closes when

A

by 2 months of life

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9
Q

anterior fontanel closes when

A

by 2nd year of life

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10
Q

occipital changes

A

flexion of the basicranium
30 degres in infants
51 degrees in adult

this flexion creates supralaryngeal space, affects speech, greater in adults so can speak

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11
Q

occiput has __ parts

A

4

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12
Q 
temporal changes (petrous part)
how many parts at birth?
growth does what?

what cranial nerves pass through it?

A

3 parts at birth
growth of petrous portion rotates external auditory meatus into the sagittal plane

tips eustachian tube from horizontal position to an oblique angle

CN III-XII

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13
Q

which cranial bone is most susceptible to dysfunction at birth

A

occiput

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14
Q

what cranial nerves may be injured during forceps delivery and why

A

CN VI and VII

mastoid process not formed completely which usually protects

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15
Q

what CNs may be impinged by occipital bone dysfunction

what problem with each

A

9-12

IX- poor sucking
X- excessive vomiting
XI- colic, poor sucking (occipital temp bone dysfunction)
XII- poor sucking bc of tongue dysfunction

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16
Q

temporal bone: ____ associated with increased incidence of otitis media

how to diagnose

A

internal rotation

cradle occiput and place fingers on mastoid portion of SCM attachment

if one side more prominent then internal rotation of temporal bone on that side

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17
Q

ossification increases and some bones become fused

what age?

A

toddlers (1-4)

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18
Q

cranium fully ossified
epiphyseal plates still open
growing bones from long bone growth
possible leg length discrepancy

age?

A

school age children

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19
Q

3 types of growth areas bones

A

epiphyseal growth plate

epiphysis/articular surface

apophysis

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20
Q

epiphyseal growth plate made of

A

hyaline cartilage

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21
Q

epiphysis/articular surface made of

A

hyaline cartilage

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22
Q

apophysis made of, can create

A

fibrocartilage

creates bony tubercles

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23
Q

avulsion fractures are more common in pediatric pts bc of what

A

unossified apophysis

-apophysitis

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24
Q

more vulnerable to loading and compression

A

hyaline cartilage

25
more vulnerable to tensile forces and shearing
fibrocartilage
26
MSK tissue most vulnerable to mechanical forces when
during periods of growth
27
most common cause of scoliosis
idiotpathic
28
USPSTF guidline scoliosis
do not screen asymptomatic pts
29
AAPG guideline scoliosis
no recommendation aginst scoliosis
30
when to screen kids for scoliosis and how often
females: 2x ages 10-12 males: 1x ages 13-14
31
HVLA and children
rarely necessary | may be contraindicated in anyone with hypermobile joints
32
ME and children
may be difficult bc cannot follow direction
33
regardless of technique of OMT on children ____ is important
localization
34
neurologic modality treatment
``` cranial chapman counterstrain ME exercise ```
35
respiratory circulatory treat
lymphatics visceral cranial respiratory diaphragm release
36
metaboic/nutritional treat
lymphatics visceral techniques lifestyle changes
37
good cranial technique treatment to use in children with poor suckling, constipation, birth trauma with vomiting, crying,
``` condylar decompression (occipital release basically) BMT ```
38
OMT for MSK: joints
evaluate at least the joints above and below the joint in questionl
39
CP: appendix ant post
anteiror: tip of 12th rib post: TP T11 on R
40
CP: intestines ant:
anteriorly just below ASIS
41
CP: colon
along the IT band
42
CP: rectum
anteriorly: just below lesser trochanter of femur
43
OMT for poor suclke/feeding
cranial: condylar decompression
44
OMT for GERD
cranial | OA, AA, T5-9
45
OMT for constipation
viscerosomatic pelvic innominate mesenteric release
46
OMT for respiratory complaints
viscersomatics head and neck sympatghitic T1-4 parasymp: nose CN VII OA and AA- vagus
47
CP: nasal sinuses Anterior Posterior
anterior inferomedial clavicle, lateral to SC junction (nasal) superior second rib at midclavicular line (all sinuses) posterior: bottom edge of C1 pillar
48
CP larynx anterior postiero
anterior: superior second rib, just medial to sinuses CR posterior: just lateral to spinuous process of C2 (larynx, pharynx, tongue, all sinuses
49
CP: pharynx anterior posterior
anterior: inferior first rib at SC junction posterior: just lateral to spinous process of C2
50
CP:tonsils | anterior
ant: lateral manubrium
51
CP: middle ear anterior posterior
anterior: superior clavicle, about 2-3 cm lateral to SC junction posterior: base of occiput at OA joint
52
what kind of dysfunction in asthma for rib
inhalation
53
OMT for gyno pts levels of each
viscerosomatics symp: uterus: T9-L2 ovaries: T10-11 uterine/Fallopian tubes: T10-L2 parasymp S2-4
54
chapman pt uterus ant post
ant: superior edge of inferior pubic ramus post: transverse process of L5/ lateral sacral base b/l
55
CP: ovaries ant post
ant: superior pubic ramus, 2 cm lateral to pubic symphysis post: lateral body of T10
56
vagina/uterus/broad ligament posterior
just lateral to sacral base
57
vagina/clitoris | posterio
medial thigh just inferior to ischial tuberosities
58
CP: fallopian tubes | posterior
PSIS | posterior femoral head
59
OMT for dysmenorrhea
thoracic, lumbar, pelvic dysfunction OA/AA for associated HA myofacial to abdominal wall and uterus

OS IV (5 decks)

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