Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis Flashcards
What is osteomyeltis? What are the 3 different pathways that it can happen?
Infection of the bone
- Hematogenic dissemination of bacteria
- Invasion (surgical hardware or open fractures)
- Vascular deficiency (ulcers)
Where does hematogenic dissemination of bacteria occur in children vs adults
Children = long bones
Adults= vertabrae
What pathogens are responsible for osteomyelitis and which pathways do they occur in?
Staph aureus = hetamogenic + vascular insufficiency
Staph epidermis = invasion
Describe the pathophysiology behind osteomyelits?
Infection of the bone
Acute inflammation
Bone necrosis
Then bone abscess and finally rupture that leads to sinus drainage
What is the best diagnostic test to diagnose osteomyelitis?
MRI with gadolinium
What findings will you see for osteomyelitis?
Early demineralization
Hypercalcemia and alkaline phosphotemia
What is the treatment for Osteomyelitis caused by MRSA
What is the treatment for Osteomyelitis caused by MSSA?
Vanco + Fluoroquinolone
Nafcillin + Fluoroquinolone
What is the pathogen that causes Infectious Arthritis - Non-gonococcal?
Staph aureus - MC
What is the MC etiology that causes Infectious arthritis?
Hematogenous
What is the clinical presentation of infectious arthritis - non-gonococcal?
Where is the most common site for this to happen at
Erythema, warmth, pain
MC is the knee
What is the best diagnostic test for infectious arthritis?
Synovial fluid analysis
What findings in a synovial fluid analysis depic infectious arthritis?
Leukocytosis
Low glucose
Positive culture
What 4 areas does a Polyarthritis infection happen at?
Knees
Elbow
Shoulder
Hips
What unusual joints will become infected in a IVDU with infectious arthritis
Sternoclavicular
costochondral
pubic symphysis
What are the 2 treatments for infectious arthritis- non gonococcal
Joint aspiration and irrigation
Vanco + Cephlosporin (MRSA)
Nafcillin + Cephlosporin (MSSA)
