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Foundations 3 > Injury and Disorders of the Elbow > Flashcards

Injury and Disorders of the Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What is Lateral Epicondylitis aka “Tennis elbow”?

How is it caused?

A

Inflammation involving common extensor tendon?

Repetitive wrist or combined wrist and finger extension.

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2
Q

How does Lateral Epicondylitis present on physical exam?

A

Pain and 3/5 strength with resisted 3rd digit extension

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3
Q

Difference between Tendonitis vs Tendonosis?

A

Tendinitis
Inflammation
Fiber disruption / degeneration

Tendonosis
Mucoid degeneration
Sporadic inflammation
Inflammatory process “stalled”
Fiber disorganization
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4
Q

Treatment for “Tennis Elbow” Tendonitis?

A 
Steroid injection
NSAIDs
Ice
Therapeutic exercise
  -Stretching
  -Strengthening
Bracing considerations
Consider PT
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5
Q

Pros and cons with giving steroid injection with tendonitis?

A

Pros / cons

  • Pro: dec. inflammation
  • Con: injection is dangerous into a tendon
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6
Q

What are treatment options for Tendonosis?

A 
Activity modification
Physical therapy (more a chronic condition that is not inflammed anymore)
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7
Q

What treatment options are NOT beneficial for Tendonosis

A

NSAIDs

Steroid injection–> Hypo pigmentation

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8
Q

Feeling a “pop” in the arm is most indicative of what kind of injury?

A

Tendon injury (bicep tendon tear)

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9
Q

MOI of a Distal biceps tear?

A

Rapid eccentric contraction of biceps leads to distal tendon tear at radial insertion

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10
Q

What are non-surgical treatments for partial distal bicep tears?

A

Bracing with ROM limitation X 4 weeks

Gradual progression of ROM and strengthening (loosing of brace downward)

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11
Q

What are non-surgical treatments for complete distal bicep tears in older individuals?

A

Older patients with sedentary lifestyle who are willing to accept strength loss

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12
Q

Surgical repair for complete bicep tendon care is recommended in which individuals

A

Young active individuals

Optional if only a partial tear

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13
Q

What special diagnostic test can be used to assess ulnar collateral ligament?

A

Valgus stress test
Milking maneuver
Moving Valgus stress test (BEST TEST)

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14
Q

Treatment for Medial epicondylitis/osis

A

Similar to lateral epicondylitis / osis

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15
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament tear

A

Surgical consult

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16
Q

Medial epicondyle apophysitis “little leaguer’s elbow”

A 
Activity modification (no throwing for 6-8 weeks)
Physical therapy
Gradual return to throwing
17
Q

MOI of Non-inflammatory bursitis

How do these present

A

MOA: As a result of repeated trauma (e.g. persistent leaning on elbows),

Swelling at the tip of the elbow.

Absence of pain, redness or warmth (low fluid collected)
.
Full, painless range of motion of the elbow.

18
Q

MOI for infectous bursitis?

A

Result of infection or any other intense inflammatory process

19
Q

If fluid accumulation is small with mild symptoms how is olecranon bursitis treated

A

Treat symptomatically with activity modification and NSAIDs

20
Q

When is aspiration appropriate for bursitis?

A

Aspiration of bursa is indicated for large effusion or concern for infection

21
Q

When aspirating olecranon bursa what should you do if concerned with infection?

A

Send for culture and DO NOT INJECT STEROIDS

22
Q

After aspirating a bursa what can you inject if not concerned with infection?

A

corticosteroids

23
Q

Most common joint dislocation in children?

A

Elbow dislocation

24
Q

What is the valgus stabalizing portion of the elbow made up of?

What is the Varus stabalizing portion of the elbow?

A

Valgus = Medial collateral ligament and radial head

Varus= Lateral collateral ligmaent

25
Q

What occurs in a Subluxation aka Nursemaid’s elbow

A

Subluxation is where the radial head gets trapped in the annular ligament

26
Q

How do you correct a subluxation?

A

Put the child’s elbow in supination followed by flexion

27
Q

How is a Type I Radial head fracture treated?

A

Repeat x-ray in 7 – 10 days after the injury.

Used a splint or sling for a few days, followed by early motion.

28
Q

How is a Type I radial head fracture described?

A

Non-displaced

Occult fracture- can see fat pad but can’t see fracture on x-ray

29
Q

How is a Type II radial head fracture described?

A

Slightly displaced and involve a larger piece of bone.

30
Q

How is a Type II radial head fracture treated?

A

Splinting for one to two weeks, followed by range of motion exercises, is usually successful

31
Q

How are Type III radial head fractures described?

A

More than three bone fragments

Usually, there is also significant damage to the joint and ligaments

32
Q

How is a Type III fracture treated?

A

Surgery is usually required to remove the broken bits of bone, including the radial head, and repair the soft-tissue damage

Foundations 3 (25 decks)

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