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Skeleton Keys > Osteology Terminology > Flashcards

Osteology Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

skull

A

cranium and mandible

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2
Q

cranium

A

skull and mandible

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3
Q

callotte

A

skull cap, portion that is cut off during an autopsy

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4
Q

endocranium

A

inside cranial vault

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5
Q

ectocranium

A

outside cranial vault

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6
Q

viscerocranium

A

facial skeleton

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7
Q

neurocranium

A

brain case

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8
Q

how many bones are in the skull?

A

28

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9
Q

how many bones are paired in the skull? how many are singular?

A

11; 6

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10
Q

landmarks of the front of the skull

A

brow ridges
orbits
nasal aperture
mental foramen

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11
Q

landmarks of the side of the skull

A

zygomatic arch
external auditory meatus (EAM)
mastoid process

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12
Q

landmarks of the bottom of the skull

A

occipital candyles

foramen magnem

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13
Q

coronal suture

A

frontal and parietal

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14
Q

squamosal (sagital) suture

A

temporal and parietal

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15
Q

lambdoidal suture

A

occipital and parietal

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16
Q

how many teeth are there?

A

32

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17
Q

how many teeth are in each quadrant?

A

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 pre-molars, and 3 molars

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18
Q

what is the tooth anatomy?

A

crown, neck, root, apex

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19
Q

axial skeleton

A

skull
spine with sacrum
ribs
sternum

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20
Q

thorax

A

clavicle
sternum
vertebrae
ribs

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21
Q

ribs

A

connected to the vertebra, connects to sternum

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22
Q

what are the functions of the rib cage?

A

protect the thoracic viscera, mechanical framework for respiration

23
Q

sternal ribs

A

1-7

true ribs

24
Q

common cartilage

A

8-10

false ribs

25
Q

no sternal articulation

A

11-12

floating ribs

26
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

7

neck

27
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

12

thorax

28
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

5

lower back

29
Q

sacrum and coccyx

A

fused together
5 in the sacrum
3-5 in the coccyx

30
Q

what are the unique features of two of the cervical vertebrae and what are they called?

A 
C1 = atlas
C2 = axis
-holes on both sides
-transverse foreman
-angle of the lamina
31
Q

what are the unique traits of thoracic vertebrae?

A
  • rib articulations
  • angle of the lamina
  • ribs attach between vertebra
32
Q

is there anything unique about lumbar vertebrae?

A

no

33
Q

what are the functions of vertebrae?

A
  1. bear the body weight
  2. anchor ligaments
  3. protect the spinal cord
34
Q

secondary curve

A
  • weight bearing response
  • spinal sagittal balance
  • reduce the workload
35
Q

when does the first curve start the appear? the second?

A
  • when a baby starts to lift its head, around 2-3 months

- when a baby starts to walk, around 1 year

36
Q

appendicular

A
  • clavicle

- pectoral girdle

37
Q

what are the parts of the long bone?

A

head
neck
shaft
epiphysis

38
Q

head of the long bone

A

large, rounded, usually articular end of the bone

39
Q

neck of the long bone

A

section of bone between head and shaft

40
Q

shaft of the long bone

A

diaphysis, long, straight part between the ends

41
Q

epiphysis

A

the articular end of the bone

42
Q

what are the parts of the upper limb?

A

humorous, radius, and ulna

43
Q

how many bones are in the hand?

A

27

44
Q

manual phalanges

A

14
fingers
3 rows

45
Q

metacarpals

A

5

bones of the hand

46
Q

carpals

A

8

wrist bones

47
Q

pelvis

A

composed of 2 os coxae

1 sacrum

48
Q

os coxae

A

3 bones
ilium
pubis
iscnium

49
Q

what are the parts of the lower limb?

A

femur, patella, tibia, fibula

50
Q

how many bones are in the foot?

A

26

51
Q

calcaneus

A

heal

52
Q

tarsals

A

7

including the calcaneus

53
Q

phalanges

A

14
toes
three sets

54
Q

what is in the pectoral girdle?

A

scapula and clavicle

Skeleton Keys (26 decks)

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