Osteology of the Spine/Spine Articulations Flashcards
What structure is specific to cervical vertebrae?
Transverse foramen
What passes through the transverse foramen?
Arteries from C1-C6 and veins from C1-C7
What do the uncinated processes form?
Uncovertebral joint
What purpose do the uncinated processes serve?
Eliminate side to side dislocation
Where are uncovertebral joints present?
C3-C7
What is a distinguishing characteristic of thoracic vertebrae?
Costal facets
Which thoracic vertebrae don’t have costa facets?
T11-T12
What process does a lumbar vertebrae have that other vertebrae do not?
Mammillary and accessory
What forms the margins for the sacral hiatus?
Sacral cornue
What can cause vertebral fractures?
Osteoarthritis, body or vertebrae being crushed, cancer or trauma
At what level does the spinal cord end?
L1-L2
At what level is a spinal tap conducted?
L3-L4
What is a landmark for obstetrics on the sacrum?
Sacral promontory
The more rounded part of the vertebral disk is posterior or anterior?
Anterior
The flatter portion of the vertebral disk is posterior or anterior?
Posterior
What are the two layers of the vertebral disk?
Annulus fibrosis (outer portion) Nucleus pulposus (jelly inside)
Where is the anterior longitudinal ligament found?
The anterior portion of the vertebral column covering the vertebral body
Where is the posterior longitudinal ligament found?
Inside the anterior portion vertebral canal covering the posterior portion of the IV disks
What forms the zygahypophyseal joints?
Inferior and superior articulating processes
What is the ligamentum flava?
The ligament that connects superior and inferior laminae forming the posterior wall of the vertebral canal
What ligament connects between two spinous processes?
Interspinous ligaments
What ligament connects on top of the spinous processes down the spine?
Supraspinous ligament
What ligament connects transverse processes?
Intertransverse ligament
What is severe osteoarthritis?
Spodylosis
What forms the anterior spinal canal boundary?
Posterior longitudinal ligament, vertebral body, IV disc
What forms the posterior spinal canal boundary?
Ligamentum flava and lamina of vertebral arch
What forms the superior spinal canal boundary?
Foramen magnum
What forms the lateral spinal canal boundary?
Pedicle of vertebral arch and intervertebral foramen
What forms the inferior spinal canal boundary?
Sacral hiatus
What is anterior dislocation of a lumbar vertebrae called?
Spondylithosis
What craniovertebral joint connects C1-Occiput?
Atlanto-occipital joint
What joint connects C1-C2?
Atlanto-axial
Superiorly where does the posterior longitudinal ligament end and what does it become?
The axis; Tectoral membrane
What ligament connects the dents to the atlas?
Transverse ligament of the Atlas
What does the alar ligament connect?
The dens to the occipital condyle
What is the first palpable spinous process?
C7
What is the Nuchal ligament?
Connects posterior occipital protuberance to C7
Where does the Supraspinous ligament begin?
C7
What supplies 2/3 of the spinal cord with blood supply?
Anterior spinal artery
What supplies 1/3 of the spinal cord with blood supply?
Posterior spinal artery
What helps support the anterior/posterior spinal artery by supply the spinal cord with blood?
Great segmental medullary artery
What is the skinniest portion of the spinal cord?
Thoracic
What is unique about the veins found in the middle of the spinal canal?
They DO NOT have one way valves
At what level of the body can the great segmental medullary artery be found?
Level with the aorta
