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LEA > Osteology of the Leg > Flashcards

Osteology of the Leg Flashcards

1
Q

what is the second largest bone in the body

A

tibia

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2
Q

tibia is the (medial or lateral) leg bone

A

medial

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3
Q

is the tibia a long or short bone

A

long bone

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4
Q

tibia consists of

A

Proximal extremity
Shaft
Distal Extremity

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5
Q

Tibia articulates with

A

Femur (knee joint)
Talus (ankle joint)
Fibula (tibiofibular articularion and tibiofibular syndesmosis)

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6
Q

tibial torsion

A

a measurement of the external torquing of the distal extremity of the tibia with respect to the proximal extremity

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7
Q

tibial torsion angle

A

between the bimalleolar line (line through the medial and lateral malleolus) and the bicondylar line

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8
Q

bicondylar line

A

line between the medial and lateral condyles of the tibial plateau

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9
Q

proximal extremity of the tibia expand to form

A

medial and lateral condyles

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10
Q

superior surface of tibia is called

A

tibial plateau

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11
Q

medial facet of tibia

A

egg shaped

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12
Q

lateral facet of tibia

A

nearly circular in shape

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13
Q

each facet of the tibia is

A

concave, menisci sit on the periphery, femoral condyles articulate with the center

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14
Q

intercondylar eminence

A

Is the spine of the tibia
Composed of a medial and lateral tubercle (intercondylar tubercles)
Is located between the 2 facets

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15
Q

anterior intercondylar fossa

A

is anterior to the intercondylar eminence

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16
Q

posterior intercondylar fossa

A

is posterior to the intercondylar eminence

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17
Q

tibial tuberosity location

A

Located on anterior surface of tibia

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18
Q

what muscle inserts onto tibial tuberosity

A

ligamentum patellae

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19
Q

where are the tubercles are located on the anterior surface of the tibia

A

Tubercle on the medial condyle

Tubercle on the lateral condyles

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20
Q

another name for tubercle on the lateral condyle of the tibia

A

Gerdy’s tubercle

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21
Q

transverse groove on the posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia is for insertion of what muscle

A

semimembranosus

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22
Q

medial surface of the tibia is rough for attachments of

A

capsule of the knee joint and tibial collateral lig

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23
Q

lateral surface of the tibia has an articular facet for

A

the head of the fibula (fibular articular facet)

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24
Q

describe the shaft of the tibia

A

triangular in shape in cross section with 3 borders (anterior, medial and lateral or interosseous) and 3 surfaces (M,L,P)

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25
Q

where does the anterior border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end

A

beings proximally to the tibial tuberosity and ends distally at the anterior border of the medial malleolus on the distal extremity

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26
Q

anterior border of the shaft of the tibia serves for attachments the

A

deep fascia

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27
Q

where does the medial border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end

A

begins proximally at the medial condyle and ends distally at the posterior border of the medial malleolus on the distal extremity

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28
Q

medial border of the shaft of the tibia serves as an attachment for

A

the deep fascia

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29
Q

where does the lateral or interosseous border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end

A

beings at the fibular facet and ends distally by bifurcating and forming the boundaries of the fibular notch on the distal extremity

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30
Q

lateral or interosseous border of the shaft of the tibia serves as attachment for

A

interosseous membrane

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31
Q

medial surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by

A

anterior and medial borders

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32
Q

medial surface of the shaft of the tibia serves as an attachment for

A

Deep fascia

Is subcutaneous

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33
Q

what muscles originate from the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia

A

NO MUSCLES ORIGINALE FROM MEDIAL SURFACE

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34
Q

what muscles insert on the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia

A

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
This forms pes anserinus

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35
Q

where does pes anserinus insert

A

on the superior portion of the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia

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36
Q

lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by

A

the lateral and anterior border

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37
Q

what muscle originates from the lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia

A

Tibialis anterior

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38
Q

posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by

A

medial and lateral borders

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39
Q

where is the soleal (or popliteal) line located

A

on the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia

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40
Q

where does the soleal (or popliteal line) extend from

A

obliquely from behind the fibular facet to the junction of the upper and middle 1/3 of the shaft

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41
Q

where is the vertical ridge located

A

on the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia

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42
Q

where does the vertical ridge extend to

A

distally from the middle o the soleal line to the junction of the middle and lower 1/3 of the shaft

43
Q

—- is distal to the popliteal line

A

nutrient foramen

44
Q

is the distal extremity of the tibia larger or smaller than the upper extremity

A

smaller

45
Q

how many surfaces does the distal extremity of the tibia have

A

5 surfaces (anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and inferior)

46
Q

—-is an inferior projection of the medial surface

A

medial malleolus

47
Q

anterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia serves for attachment of

A

the joint capsule of the ankle joint

48
Q

posterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia serves as an attachment of the

A

capsule of the ankle joint

49
Q

posterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia has a shallow groove for the tendon on

A

FHL

50
Q

inferior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is continuous with what surface

A

lateral surface of the medial malleolus

51
Q

inferior sufrace of the distal extremity of the tibia articulates with

A

trochlear surface of the body of the talus

52
Q

inferior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is also known as

A

tibial plafond and is part of the ankle mortice or malleolar fork

53
Q

where is the fibualr notch located

A

on the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the tibia

54
Q

fibular notch is bordered by

A

anterior and posterior borders that are continuous with the interosseous border of the shaft

55
Q

fibular shaft articulates with

A

the inferior portion of the notch

56
Q

what ligament attaches to the superior portion of the fibular notch

A

the interosseous tibiofibular ligament

57
Q

what tubercles are located on the inferior aspect of the borders on the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the tibia

A

Tubercle of Tillaux or Chaput on the anterior border

Posterior or 3rd malleolus on posterior border

58
Q

medial surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is continuous with

A

medial surface of the shaft

59
Q

medial surface is subcutaneous and serves as an attachment for

A

the deep fascia and medial ankle ligaments

60
Q

how many surfaces and borders does the medial malleolus have

A

2 surfaces
2 borders
apex

61
Q

medial surface of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of

A

the deep fascia

62
Q

lateral surface of the medial malleolus has an articular surface for

A

the medial surface of the body of the talus

63
Q

lateral surface of the medial malleolus is continuous with

A

inferior surface of the distal extremity

64
Q

anterior border of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of the

A

deep fascia and capsule of the ankle joint

65
Q

posterior border of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of

A

the deep fascia and capsule of the ankle joint

66
Q

where is the medial malleolar sulcus located

A

on the posterior border of the medial malleolus

67
Q

medial malleolar sulcus is for the tendons of

A

TP

FDL

68
Q

apex of the medial malleolus is composed of

A

an anterior and posterior colliculus separated by an intercollicular groove

69
Q

which colliculus of the medial malleolus is larger

A

anterior colliculus is larger and extends further inferiorly

70
Q

apex of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of

A

the capsule and medial ligaments of the ankle joint

71
Q

fibula is the – bone of the leg

A

lateral

72
Q

is the fibula involved in the knee joint

A

no

Carries no weight, but serves for muscular attachments

73
Q

fibula consists of

A

proximal extremity
shaft
distal extremity

74
Q

fibula articulates with

A

Tibia (tibiofibular articularion and tibiofibular syndesmosis)
Talus (ankle joint)

75
Q

the fibula is commonly used for

A

bone grafts

most commonly used area is near the nutrient foramen

76
Q

proximal extremity or head of the fibula has an articular facet for

A

lateral condyle of the proximal extremity of the tibia

77
Q

proximal extremity or head of fibula contains — located posteriorly

A

apex or styloid process

78
Q

where is the neck of the fibula

A

where the head meets the shaft

79
Q

the shaft of the fibula has — borders

A

3 borders (anterior, interosseous, posterior)

80
Q

how many surfaces does the fibula have

A

3 surfaces (medial, lateral, posterior)

81
Q

the posterior surface is divided into 2 area for muscular origin by

A

the cirsta medialis

82
Q

the nutrient foramen of the fibula is located

A

on the posterior surface

83
Q

the distal extremity of the fibula projects further inferiorly than the

A

medial malleolus

84
Q

distal extremity of the fibula has how many surfaces and borders

A

2 surfaces
2 borders
1 apex

85
Q

lateral surface of the distal extremity of the fibula serves for attachment of

A

deep fascia

86
Q

medial surface of the distal extremity of the fibula has a triangular shaped articular facet for

A

the lateral surface of the body of the talus

87
Q

malleolar fossa is — to facet

A

posterior

88
Q

what ligaments attach to the malleolar fossa

A

posterior talofibular ligament

inferior transverse ligament

89
Q

what ligaments attach to the anterior border of the distal extremity of the fibua

A

anterior talofibular ligament

calcaneofibular ligament

90
Q

lateral malleolar sulcus is located on what border

A

posterior border

91
Q

lateral malleolar sulcus for what tendons

A

fibularis (peroneus) brevis

fibularis (peroneus) longus

92
Q

apex of the distal extremity of the fibula serves for attachment of the

A

calcaneofibuar lig

93
Q

describe the patella

A

oval-triangular bone with the base superior and the apex inferior

94
Q

—is located in the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle that articulates with the distal extremity of the femur

A

sesamoid bone

95
Q

how many surfaces and borders is the patella composed of

A 
2 surfaces (anterior, posterior)
3 borders (superior, medial, lateral)
96
Q

what tendon covers the anterior surface of the patella

A

the quadriceps femoris tendon

97
Q

what ligament attaches to the anterior surface of the patella

A

ligament patellae

98
Q

what separates the patella from the skin

A

subcutaneous and prepatellar bursa

99
Q

which patellar facet is larger

A

lateral facet is larger than medial and has less of a slope

100
Q

what ligament attaches to the rough area below the patella facet

A

ligamentum patellae

101
Q

superior, medial and lateral borders are rough for attachment of

A

quadriceps femoris

102
Q

the patella commonly dislocated — due to —

A

laterally

angle of pull of the quadriceps

103
Q

SEE LEG OSSIFICATION CHART

A

SEE LEG OSSIFICATION CHART

LEA (10 decks)

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