Osteology of the Foot

Question 1

Where is the tarsal canal or sinus tarsi located?

Answer 1

within the calcaneal sulcus which is between the middle and posterior talar facets of the calcaneous

Question 2

Answer 2

Talus (superior view)

Question 3

Answer 3

Talus (inferior view)

Question 4

Answer 4

Talus (medial view)

Question 5

Answer 5

Talus (lateral view)

Question 6

Answer 6

Talus (posterior view)

Question 7

Answer 7

Calcaneus (superior view)

Question 8

Answer 8

Calcaneus (inferior view)

Question 9

Answer 9

Calcaneus (medial view)

Question 10

Answer 10

Calcaneus (lateral view)

Question 11

Answer 11

Cuboid (superior view)

Question 12

Answer 12

Cuboid (posterior view)

Question 13

Answer 13

Cuboid (lateral view)

Question 14

Answer 14

Cuboid (anterior view)

Question 15

Answer 15

Cuboid (posterior view)

Question 16

Answer 16

Navicular (anterior view)

Question 17

Answer 17

Navicular (posterior view)

Question 18

Answer 18

Navicular (superior view)

Question 19

Answer 19

Navicular (inferior view)

Question 20

What are the articulations of the calcaneus and which joints do these make?

Answer 20

Talus (subtalar joint); Cuboid (Calcanealcuboid joint)

Question 21

Which tendon runs on the posterior surface of the sustentaculum tali?

Answer 21

tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 22

Which 2 tendons run along the lateral surface of the calcaneus?

Answer 22

Fibularis brevis
Fibularis longus

Question 23

What two structures combine to make the tarsal canal?

Answer 23

Calcaneal sulcus and sulcus tali

Question 24

The posterior end of the talus contains two tubercles and between them lies:

Answer 24

groove for tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 25

What are the 4 articulations of the medial cuneiform?

Answer 25

1st metatarsal, navicular, intermediate cuneiform, 2nd metatarsal

Question 26

What tendon attaches at the base of the medial cuneiform?

Answer 26

tibialis posterior m.

Question 27

What tendon attaches at the anterior and inferior aspect of the medial cuneiform?

Answer 27

tibialis anterior m.

Question 28

What tendon attaches at the lateral plantar aspect of the medial cuneiform?

Answer 28

fibularis longus m.

Question 29

What are the 6 articulations of the lateral cuneiform?

Answer 29

intermediate cuneiform, cuboid, 3rd metatarsal, 2nd metatarsal, 4th metatarsal, navicular

Question 30

Which tendons pass in the groove at the base of the metatarsal heads?

Answer 30

flexor digitorum longus and brevis

Question 31

The cuboid contains the peroneal sulcus which contains the tendon of what muscle?

Answer 31

peroneus longus

Question 32

What muscle attaches to the base of the 5th metatarsal?

Answer 32

peroneus brevis

Question 33

Draw the mnemonic to understand the primary ossification centers of the foot bones.

Answer 33

Question 34

What is the name of the most common accessory bone of the foot? Where is it located? What is its clinical significance?

Answer 34

Os trigonum; it's an unfused lateral tubercle (posterior aspect of body of talus); can cause issues with talocrural joint, subtalar joint, or irritate tendon of flexor hallucis longus