Osteology/Embryology of the Anterior Thorax Flashcards
What vertebral levels correspond to the position of the corpus sterni?
T5-T9
How many sternabrae for the corpus sterni?
4 sternabrae
What surface feature on the corpus sterni identifies the location of the synchondrosis?
transverse lines
What articular sites for the costal cartilage of ribs will be identified on the corpus sterni?
costal notches II-VII
What feature of the corpus sterni is present in 4-7% of the population?
a sternal foramen
What causes the appearance of the sternal foramen?
failure of the ossification centers of the sternum to fuse together normally
What attaches to the scalene tubercle of the first rib?
the anterior scalene muscle
Which groove on the body (corpus or shaft) of the first rib is close to the vertebral end?
the groove for the subclavian artery and the first thoracic nerve
Which groove on the body (corpus or shaft) of the first rib is close to the sternal end?
the groove for the subclavian vein
What specifically will attach to the crest of the neck of the second rib?
the superior costotransverse ligament from the transverse process of T1
What specifically attaches to the back of the neck of the second rib?
the inferior costotransverse ligament from the transverse process of T2
What unique feature is present on the body (corpus or shaft) of the second rib?
the tuberosity for the serratus anterior
Which ribs are classified as typical ribs, true ribs, costa cerae, and vertebrosternal ribs in the typical adult skeleton?
ribs 3-7
Which ribs are classified as atypical ribs, true ribs, costa verae, and vertebrosternal ribs in typical adult skeleton?
ribs 1 and 2
Which ribs are classified as typical ribs, false ribs, costa spuriae, and vertebrochondral ribs in the typical adult skeleton?
ribs 8 and 9
Which ribs are classified as atypical ribs, false ribs, costa spuriae, and vertebrochondral ribs in the typical adult skeleton?
rib 10
Which ribs are classified as atypical ribs, false ribs, costa spuriae, and vertebral ribs in the typical adult skeleton?
ribs 11 and 12
What is the classification of the first sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
cartilaginous (ampharthrosis) synchondrosis
What is the classification of the second - seventh sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
Which of the sternocostal or sternochondral ligaments is unique to the second sternocostal or sternochondral joint?
the intra-articular ligament
What is the classification of the sixth through the ninth interchondral joints?
synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
What is the classification of the fifth - sixth or ninth - tenth interchondral joint?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
Which costal cartilages fail to form a joint at their sternal end?
the eleventh and twelfth costal cartilages
What separates the manubrium sterni and corpus sterni?
the manubriosternal symphysis
How many primary centers of ossification appear in the manubrium?
1-3 centers have been identified
How many primary centers of ossification appear in the corpus sterni?
typically 6
In what part of the sternum will a secondary center of ossification appear?
the xiphoid process
In what part of the rib will primary centers of ossification appear?
the body (corpus, shaft)
In what parts of the rib will secondary centers of ossification appear?
the head, articular surface of the tubercle and the non-articular surface of the tubercle
Which ribs will demonstrate secondary centers of ossification?
ribs 1-10
Which ribs lack secondary centers of ossification?
ribs 11 and 12
Which ribs demonstrate three secondary centers of ossification?
ribs 2-9
Which ribs have only two secondary centers of ossification?
ribs 1 and 10
