Face, Features and Nerves Flashcards
What type of motor fibers to skeletal muscle are given off by the facial nerve?
branchial efferent (BE)
Most of the seventh cranial nerve will exit the skull via what opening?
the stylomastoid foramen
The optic canal is located along which wall of the orbit?
superior wall of the orbit
What are the contents of the optic canal?
optic nerve & ophthalmic artery
What are the openings located along the medial wall of the orbit?
anterior ethmoid & posterior ethmoid foramina
What is the name given to the medial wall of the orbit?
lamina papyracea
The superior orbital fissure is located along which wall of the orbit?
lateral wall of the orbit
What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?
oculomotor, trochlear & abducent/abducens cranial nerves ophthalmic division of the trigeminal cranial nerve & ophthalmic veins
What openings are located along the inferior wall of the orbit?
inferior orbital fissure
What is contained in the inferior orbital fissure?
maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
What are the names given to the modified sebaceous gland in the tarsus of the eyelid?
tarsal or Meibomian gland
What specific pathways are identified with Visceral Efferent (VE) innervation?
sympathetic and parasympathetic motor pathways
How many neurons are involved in the Visceral Efferent pathways from CNS to target cell?
two motor neurons
What is the location for the second neuron in the Visceral Efferent (VE) pathway?
typically a ganglion
Which cranial nerves are involved in the Visceral Efferent (VE) parasympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?
facial and trigeminal (maxillary and ophthalmic divisions/branches)
What is the origin for the sympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?
lateral horn/intermediolateral cell column T1/T2
What is the target of the preganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fiber in the pathway to the lacrimal gland?
the VE fiber ascends to the superior cervical ganglion to synapse
Sympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
vasoconstriction of blood vessels, limited availability of water to secretory units, more viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen
Parasympathetic stimulation of targets in the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
vasodilation of blood vessels, increased availability of water to secretory units, thinner or more watery product in lumen;
constriction of myoepithelial cells leading to release of product from secretory lumen into duct system
What are the names of the layers of the eyeball?
fibrous tunic, uveal tract & retina
What are the parts of the fibrous tunic of the eyeball?
cornea and sclera
Which muscles lack any attachment to bone?
orbicularis oris, procerus & risorius
