Osteoarthritis Flashcards
OA is a part of normal aging (T/F)
FALSE
Like in RA, the synovial membrane is the primary site of the problem in OA (T/F).
FALSE
OA (is/is not) a “wear and tear” arthritis
NOT
OA is a ____ ____ disease
whole joint
4 structures involved in OA?
- cartilage
- synovial membrane
- ligaments
- bone
The body tries to heal the joint by laying down new bony structures, resulting in ______.
osteophytes
When does loss of function occur (usually) in OA?
End stage
There is low grade ______ in the area of joints with OA.
inflammation
Inflammatory _______ and abnormal biomechanics forces can damage cartilage.
enzymes
7 risk factors for OA?
- age
- sex
- genetic
- obesity
- physical inactivity
- injury
- joint stress
What is the typical age of onset ?
55-60
OA affects more (men/women)
women
It is difficult to determine the prevalence of ___ ____ OA.
low back
The prevalence of types of OA is different in different ethnicities (T/F).
TRUE
There is _____ bone turnover and localized density in normal aging.
decreased
There is _____ water in cartilage in normal aging.
decreased
There is _______ at WB sites and it is not progressive across the joint line in normal aging.
fibrillation
In normal aging, the joint has ______ metabolism and no _______.
normal; inflammation
There is a decreased in lean mm mass (type __ fibres) in normal aging.
II
There is _____ bone turnover and localized density in OA.
increased
There is ______ water in cartilage in OA.
increased
In OA there is _____ present, both focal and progressive.
fibrillation
There is ______ metabolism and _______ enzymes in OA.
increased; inflammatory
There is a decrease in lean muscle mass (type __ fibres) in OA.
I
Knee OA is mostly _____.
bilateral
Is tibia-femoral or patella-femoral OA more common?
tibio-femoral
Is bilateral or unilateral hip OA more common?
unilateral
_____ joint OA is a common type of spine OA.
facet
Generalized OA = >/= to __ joints
3
OA often affects ____ _____ joints.
weight bearing
______ node = OA of PIP
Bouchard’s
_______ node = OA of DIP
Heberden’s
____ OA is a common hand OA.
CMC
3 ways to classify OA?
- radiographic OA
- symptomatic / clinical OA
- MRI-defined OA
Grading system used in radiographic OA?
kellgren-lawrence grading system
Definiton used in MRI-defined OA?
Hunter
4 main radiographic features of radiographic OA?
- loss of joint space
- osteophytes
- subchondral sclerosis
- subchondral cyst formation
Subchondral sclerosis = increased _________ bone density
periarticular
Subchondral cyst formation = typically ________ acid
hyaluronic
Grade 0 kellgren-lawrence ?
no radiographic feautres
Grade 1 kellgren-lawrence ?
doubtful
Grade 2 kellgren-lawrence ?
minimal
Grade 3 kellgren-lawrence ?
moderate
Grade 4 kellgren-lawrence ?
severe
4 clinical features of OA?
- pain after using joint
- relieved by rest
- morning stiffness < 30 mins
- stiffness after a period of inactivity
Only __% of patients with joint damage experience pain. Why?
40; if it’s just affecting cartilage, won’t feel pain bc of lack of nerve supply. Pain will be experienced when soft tissue/ alignment changes occur
Symptomatic knee OA can be dx with yes to what 4 questions?
Constant or intermittent discomfort or pain…
- at any time on most days of the month
- in the past year
- worse with activity
- relieved with rest
If yes to all 4 symptomatic OA questions, move on to what 3 signs?
- effusion
- flexion contraction
- gait abnormality
Symptomatic OA knee dx criteria?
yes to all 4 questions, one or more of the 3 signs present, over the age of 55
__% of people with knee pain had MRI-detected OA that was not evident on x-rays.
55
Arthritis is caused by a cold, wet climate (T/F).
FALSE
_____ relieves symptoms of arthritis.
warmth
Changes in ______ pressure and ambient temp may affect OA pain.
barometric
3 first-line treatments of OA>
- exercise
- weight loss
- acetaminophen
Approx __% of knee joint loading is in the medial compartment when walking.
70
Knee _____ moment predicts progression of OA.
adduction
High _____ strength predicts lower risk of developing OA in women.
quadriceps
Quadriceps _____ is associated with knee adduction moment.
endurance
Strengthening the hip _______ can reduce symptoms.
abductors
______ is associated with the development of OA in knees and hips.
Obesity
_______ is also linked to OA in non-weight bearing joints, such as fingers and wrists.
Obesity
____ _____ _____ = associated with knee OA progression.
body mass index
How to calculate BMI?
weight/ height^2
To manage OA, combine ____ and ___ ___ programs.
exercise; weight loss
__ lb weight loss = __ lb reduction of knee joint load per step.
1;4
For pt’s with OA, general recommendation for people with OA knees and are obese is a weight loss program aimed at an initial decrease of __% body weight,
10
