osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
Characterized by:
- loss & damage of _______
- inflammation
- new bone formation of joint margins
- _______ bone changes
- variable degrees of mild _______
- _______ of the joint capsule
A
- loss & damage of articular cartilage
- inflammation
- new bone formation of joint margins
- subchondral bone changes
- variable degrees of mild synovitis
- thickening of the joint capsule
2
Q
Prevalence increases with _____
A
age
3
Q
Risk factors
A
- increased age
- joint trauma
- long-term mechanical stress: wear and tear
- obesity
4
Q
Manifestations
A
Pain (worsens with activity)
Stiffness (diminishes with activity); difficulty initiating joint movement after inactivity
Enlargement of the joint
Tenderness
Limited motion
Deformity
Crepitus (cracking of joints), joint locking
Bouchard nodes (proximal), heberden nodes (distal)
5
Q
Nur management
A
- use side rails
- move pt gently when turning
- assist with ambulation if patient is unsteady
- cane or walker
- encourage use of firm mattress
6
Q
Exercises to strengthen ______ and ____ muscles to improve posture and provide support for the spine
A
abdominal and back
7
Q
Diet: high in
A
protein, calcium, vit.C and D and iron
8
Q
Avoid:
A
alcohol and coffee
