benign prostatic hyperplasia Flashcards
More common in men or women?
Men
As prostate tissue increases, it compresses _______ & _______
As prostate tissue increases, it compresses urethra & bladder outlet
Clinical manifestations
- obstruction to flow
- decreased urinary stream
- hesitancy; difficulty initiating a stream
There is an imbalance btw _______ & _______
cell proliferation & death
Formation of large, discrete lesions in the _______ region of the prostate
periurethral
2 mechanisms & description
- Static– increase in prostatic size
2. Dynamic – increased prostatic smooth muscle tone
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is the main _____ in the prostate
androgen (sex hormone)
DHT contribute by increasing the proliferation of __________ and decreasing the death of __________
DHT contribute by increasing the proliferation of prostatic stromal cells and decreasing the death of epithelial cells
Need to assess/measure:
- __________
- ____________________ levels – can detect prostate cancer
- __________ – to assess for distended bladder
- prostate
- prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels – can detect prostate cancer
- lower abdomen – to assess for distended bladder
Treatments
- alpha blockers (eg. _____)
- 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors (eg. _____): block the conversion of __________ to __________
- ____________________
- alpha blockers (eg. prazosin)
- 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors (eg. finasteride) : block the conversion of testosterone to hydrotestosterone
- transurethral prostatectomy (TURP)
Nur management:
- palpate/percuss suprabubic area to check for __________
- encourage increase oral fluid intake up to _____ml of water
- assist with __________: monitor I/O and vital signs
- palpate/percuss suprabubic area to check for bladder distention
- encourage increase oral fluid intake up to 3000ml of water
- assist with catheter insertion: monitor I/O and vital signs
On rectal exam, prostate finding would be:
enlarged, non-tender & rubbery
