Osmosis And First Aid Stuff Flashcards
Halstead-reitan neuropsychological battery
Is an assessment Used to assess neurological damage
Luria-Nebraska neuropsychological battery
An assessment used to determine genitive functions as well as cerebral dominance (left vs right)
Beck depression inventory
Is a 21 question multiple choice self-reporting inventory used for measuring severity of depression
Minnesota multiphase personality inventory
Assessment used to test adult personality and psychopathology associated
Hemispatial neglect
Syndrome that occurs when an individual sustains an injury/lesions to the non-dominant parietal lobe (usually the right since 90% of people are right sided dominant)
- results in agnosia of the contralateral half of the body
Familial dysautonomia
Autosomal recessive mutations in the IKAP gene located on chromosome 9
- almost exclusively found in ashkenazi Jewish populations
Symptoms:
- decreased tendon reflexes
- poor growth
- pain/temp insensitivity
- lack of axon flare following intradermal histamine (no allergic reactions)
- no overflow of tears when crying
- no fungiform papillae on tongue (decreased taste buds)
- decreased digestion/ GERD/ constipation development
- dyspnea and frequent lung infections
- decreased taste
Treatment = no cure
Cerebellar hemisphere lesions
Known to cause intention tremors
IPSILATERALLY
Sub thalamic nuclei lesions
Often present with hemiballismus
Sudden uncontrolled flailing of the CONTRALATERAL arm.
Susac syndrome
Multiple lesions in the corpus callosum caused by autoimmune antibodies that attack endothelial lining of arteries and the corpus callosum
Symptoms:
- classic triad of
1) branch retinal artery occlusions
2) hearing loss
3) encephalopathy
“SSSILEDAC”
Mnemonic used to remember the anatomical layers overlying the spinal cord from superficial to deep
“Silly Doc”
Skin Subcutaneous tissue Supraspinous ligament Interspinous ligament Ligamentum flavum - between these two is the site for an epidural Epidural space Dura mater Arachnoid mater - between these two is the site for a Subdural or CSF collection Cord
How many Pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
- 8 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
- 1 coccygeal
In cases of hyperhidrosis(excessive sweating) what is the treatment lines
1st line:
- topical antiperspirants
- and life style modifications
2nd line:
- botulinum toxin A injections into the localized dermis
3rd line:
Oral medications such as as Clonidine and glycopyrrolate
4th line/last resort:
- endoscopicthoracic sympathectomy
Common drug abuse and side effects
Phencyclidine piperidine:
- hallucinogenic behaviors
- vertical/horizontal nystagmus
- confusion
- agitation
- withdrawal = sudden violent behavior and decreased level of consciousness*
Benzodiazepines:
- amnesia
- sleepy
- nausea/vomiting
- respiratory depression
- bradycardia
Heroin: Classic triad of 1) decreased consciousness 2) pinpoint pupils (miosis) 3) respiratory depression
Cocaine
- tachycardia
- HTN
- insomnia
- mydriasis
- aggression
- psychosis
- tactile hallucinations
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
- enhanced sensations all around
Why do physicians give atropine to young children/infants before procedures involving airway manipulation?
To combat a reflex bradycardia effect. The sympathetic nervous system is still developing there for in any cause of widespread autonomic activation in an infant/young child, the parasympathetic system is predominantly activated.
- specifically, during airway manipulation, the vagus nerve runs unchecked with stimulation, slowing heart and lungs
If not monitored closely, the parasympathetics effects can be too much and induce bradycardia/asystole
- therefore giving atropine of glycopyrrolate (anticholinergics) can reduce the chance of this excessive parasympathetic activation from occurring
