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Data Comm > OSI Layers > Flashcards

OSI Layers Flashcards

1
Q

OSI

A

Open Systems Interconnection

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2
Q

What are the OSI Layers?

A

Physical
Datalink
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
Application

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3
Q

is the lowest layer in the OSI model

A

Physical Layer

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4
Q

serves as the interface between the data transmission equipment and the physical transmission medium

A

Physical Layer

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5
Q

Converting the data into a stream of bits and modulating them onto a carrier signal.

A

Signal Encoding

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6
Q

Includes factors such as distance, bandwidth, noise immunity, and cost.

A

Transmission Media

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7
Q

Converting the digital signal into an analog signal and amplifying it.

A

Signal Transmission

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8
Q

Receiving the modulated signal from the physical medium and converting it back into a digital signal for transmission

A

Signal Reception

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9
Q

Physical Layer Protocols

A

Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth

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10
Q

Second layer of the OSI model

A

Data-Link Layer (DLL)

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11
Q

transports data between network nodes in WAN or LAN

A

Protocol Layer

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12
Q

The primary function of this layer is to ensure error-free data transfer from one node to another across the physical layer.

A

Data-Link Layer

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13
Q

Data-Link Layer is divided into two sublayers:

A

Logic Link Control (LLC)
Media Access Control (MAC)

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14
Q

are used by DLL to define how data is transmitted over the physical layer, such as the type of media access method, data framing format, and error detection and correction techniques

A

Protocols

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15
Q

Common DLL protocols

A

SDLC, HDLC, SLIP, PPP, LCP, LAP, NCP, Ethernet, Token Ring, ATM

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16
Q

is a collection of a data field in which a network layer datagram is put along with a number of data fields.

A

Frame

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17
Q

The packet received from the Network layer is divided into frames depending on the frame size of ____

A

Network Interface Card (NIC)

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18
Q

The data-link layer ensures _______, allowing two machines to transmit data simultaneously.

A

Flow Control

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19
Q

Error Detection Techniques

A

Parity Check, Checksum, CRC

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20
Q

Types of Errors

A

Single Bit, Multiple Bit, Burst

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21
Q

the receiving node not only detects errors but also determines where the faults occurred in the frame

A

Error Detection

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22
Q

involves determining the exact number of corrupted bits and the location of the corrupted bits.

A

Error Correction

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23
Q

maintains the communication link between two network devices

A

Logical Link Control (LLC)

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24
Q

regulates data transmission between two devices

A

Media Access Control (MAC)

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25
Q

Third layer of the OSI model

A

Network Layer

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26
Q

This is the place where most routing and network stuff resides and controls the logical boundaries of the network

A

Network Layer

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27
Q

The main aim of this layer is to deliver packets from source to destination across multiple links or networks.

A

Network Layer

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28
Q

The network layer divides segments from the transport layer into smaller units called _____ on the sender’s device and reassembles these packets on the receiving device.

A

packets

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29
Q

Its main job is to get packets from one network to another

A

Router

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30
Q

convey data packets from the source to the destination through a variety of hops or links. It also manages how the subnet works.

A

Network Layer

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31
Q

Network Layer Protocols

A

IPv4, IPv6, RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP, ICMP, IPsec, IPX, NAT, GRE

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32
Q

Fourth layer of the OSI model

A

Transport Layer

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33
Q

manages network traffic between hosts and end systems to ensure complete data transfers.

A

Transport Layer

34
Q

This layer coordinates data transfer between system and hosts, including error-checking and data recovery

A

Transport Layer

35
Q

is a communications standard for delivering data and messages through networks

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

36
Q

is a communications protocol that is primarily used to establish low-latency and loss-tolerating connections between applications on the internet

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

37
Q

A combination of an IP address, a port number, and the protocol being used

A

Socket

38
Q

are the abstraction used by programmers.

A

Sockets

39
Q

can be thought of as a communications cable running from one machine to another

A

Socket

40
Q

Fifth layer of the OSI model

A

Session Layer

41
Q

Its main aim is to establish, maintain and synchronize the interaction between communicating system.

A

Session Layer

42
Q

defines how to start, control and end conversations between
applications

A

Session Layer

43
Q

Session Layer Protocols

A

ADSP, RTP, PPTP, PAP, RPC, SDP

44
Q

protocol used to set up a session for exchanging data between various networking devices. It also provides the functionality of flow-control at the Transport layer.

A

AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol (ADSP)

45
Q

allows only that type of message, which carries data from the source to the destination

A

Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)

46
Q

networking standard for connecting to virtual private networks (VPN)

A

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

47
Q

password-based authentication protocol used by Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to validate users

A

Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)

48
Q

is done at the time of the initial link establishment and verifies the identity of the client using a two-way handshake

A

PAP Authentication

49
Q

is a protocol that is used when a
computer program causes a
procedure (or a sub-routine) to
execute in a different address space without the programmer explicitly coding the details for the remote interaction

A

Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

50
Q

is a protocol that supports streams of sockets over Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) network fabrics

A

Sockets Direct Protocol (SDP)

51
Q

The session layer sets up connections called _____ for devices to share data, allow remote access, and manage files.

A

Sessions

52
Q

Sixth layer of the OSI model

A

Presentation Layer

53
Q

This layer is also known as the Translation Layer

A

Presentation Layer

54
Q

Presentation Layer is also known as ___________

A

Translation Layer

55
Q

The main responsibility of this layer is to provide or define the data format and encryption.

A

Presentation Layer

56
Q

The presentation layer is also called as ___________ since it is responsible for maintaining the proper syntax of the data which it either receives or transmits to other layer(s).

A

Syntax Layer

57
Q

This layer takes care that the data is sent in such a way that the receiver will understand the information (data) and will be able to use the data efficiently and effectively.

A

Presentation Layer

58
Q

to reduce the number of bits which is to be transmitted

A

Data Compression

59
Q

ability of computers to exchange and make use of information

A

Interoperability

60
Q

this layer takes care of any issues occurring when transmitted data must be viewed in a format different from the original format.

A

Presentation Layer

61
Q

Most important layer of the OSI model

A

Presentation Layer

62
Q

is the proprietary network protocol that offers services to macOS or the classic macOS.

A

Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)

63
Q

is the protocol which is used to provide ISO presentation services on the top of TCP/IP based protocol stacks

A

Lightweight Presentation Protocol (LPP)

64
Q

is the network protocol which is used to access file, print, directory, clock synchronization, messaging, remote command execution and other network service functions.

A

NetWare Core Protocol (NCP)

65
Q

is basically the implementation of the presentation layer in the OSI model, which provides or defines various primitive data types, constructed data types and also several types of data representations.

A

Network Data Representation (NDR)

66
Q

is the standard for the description and encoding of data. It is useful for transferring data between computer architectures and has been used to communicate data between very diverse machines.

A

External Data Representation (XDR)

67
Q

Converting from local representation to XDR

A

Encoding

68
Q

Converting XDR into local representation

A

Decoding

69
Q

provides security to the data that is being transferred between the web browser and the server.

A

Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

70
Q

Seventh layer of the OSI model

A

Application Layer

71
Q

deals directly with applications

A

Application Layer

72
Q

is responsible for displaying data and images to the user in a format humans can recognize

A

Application Layer

73
Q

identifies the parties as they communicate, assesses service quality between them, and deals with issues such as constraints on data syntax, user authentication, and privacy.

A

Application Layer

74
Q

Application Layer Protocols

A

HTTP, FTP, POP, SMTP, DNS

75
Q

is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

76
Q

is a standard communication protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a server to a client on a computer network.

A

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

77
Q

is a type of computer networking and Internet standard protocol that extracts and retrieves email from a remote mail server for access by the host machine.

A

Post Office Protocol (POP)

78
Q

is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving email.

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

79
Q

is the phonebook of the Internet

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

80
Q

terminates network traffic, performs TLS/SSL decryption as needed, inspects messages, makes routing decisions based on its content, initiates a new TCP connection to the appropriate upstream server, and writes the request to the server.

A

Layer 7 Load Balancer

81
Q

can consider the actual content of each message to ensure the best experience for any user, device,
and location, while meeting requirements for compliance, content localization, and efficiency

A

Layer 7 Load Baalncing

Data Comm (16 decks)

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