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Physics > Oscillations > Flashcards

Oscillations Flashcards

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1
Q

Displacement

A

The distance for equilibrium position in a particular direction

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2
Q

Amplitude

A

Maximum displacement from equilibrium

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3
Q

Period

A

Time for one complete oscillation

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4
Q

Frequency

A

Number of oscillations per unit time

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5
Q

Angular frequency

A

Rate of rotation

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6
Q

Phase difference

A

Difference between displacement of particles along a wave

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7
Q

What is simple harmonic motion

A
  • Acceleration of an object is directly proportional to displacement
  • Acceleration of an object acts in the opposite direction to the displacement
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8
Q

What does a displacement time graph look like in SHM

A

Sin graph

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9
Q

What does a velocity time graph look like in SMH

A

Cos graph

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10
Q

What does a acceleration time graph look like in SHM

A

-sun graph

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11
Q

What is an isochronous oscillator

A
  • As amplitude increases average speed of the swing increases but period stays the same
  • In SHM period is independent of amplitude
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12
Q

Equation for maximum velocity in SHM

A

vmax=ωA

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13
Q

In SHM what is energy is interchangeable

A

Kinetic and potential energy as total energy remains constant

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14
Q

What is a forced oscillation

A
  • When a driving force is applied to an oscillator

- It will oscillate at driving frequency

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15
Q

What is a free oscillation

A
  • When a mechanical system is displaced and allowed to oscillate without any external force
  • It will oscillate at the natural frequency
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16
Q

What is damping

A

When an external force acts on an oscillator reducing amplitude

17
Q

What is light damping

A

When amplitude gradually decreases but period is unchanged

18
Q

What is heavy damping

A

Amplitude decreases significantly and period increases slightly

19
Q

What is Resonance

A
  • When driving frequency of a forced oscillation is equal to the Natural frequency
  • This causes amplitude to increase significantly
20
Q

Practical examples of forced oscillation and resonance

A
  • Clocks (pendulum resonates)
  • Tuning circuits (uses resonance effects to select the correct frequency for radios)
  • MRI
21
Q

When do you uses this equation X=cosAω

A

If the object begins oscillating at its amplitude

22
Q

When is this equation used X=sinAω

A

When the object begins oscillating at its equilibrium position

Physics (14 decks)

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