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PTRS 745 Exam 2 > Orthotics > Flashcards

Orthotics Flashcards

1
Q

Q: What is the largest bone of the foot?

A

Calcaneus

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2
Q

Q: What bones form the arches of the foot?

A

Cuboid, navicular, and cuneiforms

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3
Q

Term: Arched part of the top of the foot between the toes and ankle

A

Instep

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4
Q

Content: Metatarsalgia

  1. Description
  2. Main symptoms
  3. Onset
A
  1. Sharp, short pain between toes near the MT heads
  2. Pain with walking/running
  3. Insidious
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5
Q

Content: Treatment for Metatarsalgia

A

MT head pad - place inside 1st-5th MT head at same angle as MT heads

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6
Q

Content: Planatar Fasciitis

  1. Description
  2. Daily Cycle
  3. If left untreated
A
  1. Inflammation of the plantar fascia
  2. Night/Morning = stiff from being in a shortened position;

Day = stretched out/relaxed

  1. Become chronic and requires surgery
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7
Q

Q: What is the most important part of plantar fasciitis treatment?

A

Pt. Compliance

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8
Q

Content: Treatment for Plantar Fasciitis (4)

A
  1. Deep massage several times a day
  2. Stretching includes toes
  3. Ice massage
  4. Night splint
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9
Q

Q: Who is most susceptible to achilles tendonitis?

A

30-45 yo (middle aged) men

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10
Q

Q: What aspect of a shoe can be changed for Achilles tendonitis?

A

The CANT (make it less than 90 degrees) or add a heel lift

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11
Q

Q: What is the CANT of a shoe?

A

The angle of the back of the shoe compared to the ground

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12
Q

T/F: Having a pronated or supinated foot effects the position of the Achilles Tendon.

A

True - runs in a curved motion

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13
Q

Q: Excess pronation in toe off puts compression on what part of the ankle?

A

Lateral

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14
Q

T/F: Excessive pronations can cause achilles subluxation.

A

False: Peroneal

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15
Q

T/F: The more pronated the ankle the more prone to achilles and peroneal tendonitis.

A

True

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16
Q

Q: What is the most common type of ankle sprain?

A

Lateral

17
Q

Q: What type of shoe/orthotic is used with grade 2 or 3 ankle sprains?

A

Lateral posting

18
Q

Content: Early and Often treatment for Ankle Sprain (7)

A
  1. Ice
  2. Compression
  3. Elevation
  4. 90 Degrees
  5. WBAT
  6. Early motion as tolerated
  7. Heel strike to toe off regardless of the amount of motion
19
Q

Q: A supinated foot is more prone to what two injuries?

A

Lateral sprain, Achilles tendonitis (?)

20
Q

Q: Where do stress fx in the foot typically occur?

A

5th MT

21
Q

T/F: Pronation is a normal movement of the mechanics of the ankle.

A

True, but not an excessive amount

22
Q

T/F: A pronated ankle results in a smaller Q angle, causing the patella to ride up medially.

A

False, larger, laterally

23
Q

Content: Rigid Orthotics

A
  1. Difficult to adjust
  2. Cover 3/4 of the length of the foot
  3. Movement only occurs at MT heads
  4. Do not allow for normal full foot motion
24
Q

T/F: A cushion for the shoe provides arch support.

A

False, if any is provided it is due to the shape of the midsole of the SHOE, not the insert

25
Q

Q: What type of orthotics allows support and kinematic movement of the arches?

A

Semi Rigid

26
Q

T/F: The purpose of orthotics is to put the foot in a position that can not be attained through natural movement.

A

False an orthotic should never position the foot in any position that cannot be attained through natural movement

27
Q

Defn: Pump Bump

A

Calcification under the achilles tendon

28
Q

Defn: Turf Toe

A

Sprain to the ligaments around the big toe joint

29
Q

Content: Treatment for Turf Toe

A

Carbon fiber plate or taping

30
Q

Q: Who are bunions more common in?

A

Women or those who push off medial foot

31
Q

Q: When do men and women’s feet stop growing?

A

Men = 18-19

Women = 16

32
Q

Content: Describe the following types of shoes

  1. Neutral
  2. Stability
  3. Motion Control
A
  1. EVA all over, if arch support is added provide support but don’t stop pronation
  2. Medial and hind foot have been built up
  3. For pronated/flat foot, more stability on the mid foot
33
Q

Content: What to look for when buying shoes (3)

A
  1. Should feel like your not wearing a shoes
  2. Shouldn’t need to break them in
  3. SIZE - use your bigger foot, want half to full size larger (feet swell throughout day)
34
Q

Content: Shoe Drop

A
  1. Normal drop is 10-12 mm
  2. Barefoot running drop is 0-4mm
35
Q

Q: What is the supposed advantage of bare foot running

A

Strike more on forefoot > better posture > less respiratory effort

36
Q

T/F: Shoes correct over pronation

A

False: can stop you from excessive crushing the medial shoe, but would require an orthotic to address the over pronation

PTRS 745 Exam 2 (12 decks)

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