Orthotic Types

Question 1

types of orthoses

Answer 1

orthotic
orthosis
prothesis
foot orthosis
custom foot orthosis
perscription custom foot orthosis

Question 2

shell

Answer 2

is the firm material that is pressed to the positive to hold the shape of the orthosis

Question 3

plaster modifications depends upon

Answer 3

they type of orthosis

Question 4

what are plaster modifications

Answer 4

are additions or subtractions of plaster to the original positive for specific purposes

Question 5

heel cup also referred to as

Answer 5

heel seat

Question 6

depth of the heel seat helps to determine

Answer 6

how much control an orthosis will provide

Question 7

flanges generally extend to

Answer 7

just proximal to the MT heads

Question 8

what types of flanges may be used

Answer 8

meidal or lateral flanges

can be used separately or together

Question 9

lateral clip extend to just

Answer 9

proximal to the styloid process of the 5th MT

Question 10

forefoot extensions extend

Answer 10

distally beyond the shell

Question 11

what type of length can topcovers be

Answer 11

full length
sulcus length
length of the shell

Question 12

spectrum of devices

Answer 12

insole
temporary
pre-fabricated (pre-fabs)/over the counter/off the shelf/pre-made
customized
custom

Question 13

other types of custom foot orthoses

Answer 13

UCB(L)
Pronated
Schaffer plate
Neutral Shell

Question 14

how do you cast for UCBL Orthoses

Answer 14

may be casted neutral, rectus or PWB (partial weight bearing)

Question 15

how do you cast for pronated orthoses

Answer 15

casted STJ pronated

Question 16

what is a Schaffer plate

Answer 16

an arch support

Question 17

how do you cast for a Schaffer plate

Answer 17

depends on how high you want the arch

Question 18

what is a neutral shell

Answer 18

is a functional orthoses w/o posting

Question 19

how do you cast for neutral shell

Answer 19

casted neutral

Question 20

do accommodative orthoses change function

Answer 20

NO!

Question 21

how do you cast for accommodative orthoses

Answer 21

partial weightbearing

Question 22

what type of material are accommodative orthoses

Answer 22

usually multi-laminar to reduce shear force

material depends on the purpose, size of the patient and the shoe in which they will be worn

Question 23

are accommodative orthoses always soft

Answer 23

NO!

Question 24

are accommodative orthoses only for diabetic patients?

Answer 24

NO

Question 25

what are the different pediatric devices

Answer 25

``` Heel Stabilizers (A-D or E) Whitman Roberts Whitman-Roberts Reverse Roberts ```

Question 26

how do you cast pediatric devices

Answer 26

almost always casted rectus

Question 27

Type A heel stabilizer

Answer 27

forefoot platform under 1-3 MT

Question 28

Type B heel stabilizer

Answer 28

Deep heel seat and MT FF extension with lateral clip and medial flange

Question 29

Type C heel stabilizer

Answer 29

Deep heel seat with medial and lateral flanges to the 1st and 5th MT head

Question 30

true Whitman devices purposely caused pain at

Answer 30

the navicular tuberosity

Question 31

Roberts device uses what type of clip

Answer 31

lateral clip to keep the calcaneus from everting

Question 32

what is Reverse Roberts

Answer 32

like a type D heel stabilizer and functions by forcing an abductory twist as well as potentially increasing STJ pronation

Question 33

what is the purpose of Functional Orthoses

Answer 33

1. Prevent compensation 2. *Allow the STJ to function around NP 3. Promote the normal timing of the gait cycle 4. Change function

Question 34

what are the different types of posts

Answer 34

intrinsic posts extrinsic posts flat posts

Question 35

intrinsic posts are a result of

Answer 35

positive modifications

Question 36

what are intrinsic posts

Answer 36

posts are made within the shell itself so the foot forms to the post

Question 37

what are extrinsic posts

Answer 37

adding wedges to the outside of the shell

Question 38

extrinsic posts are appropriate for what type of foot?

Answer 38

rigid type of foot

Question 39

flat posts provide stability in

Answer 39

the rearfoot by preventing the device from rocking

Question 40

flat posts do not provide for --- plane correction

Answer 40

frontal

Question 41

what are arch fills

Answer 41

- are modifications to the positive | - is the material under the shell to help support the shell

Question 42

what is the purpose of an arch fill

Answer 42

provides for the arch height and contour of the device, but is not a control point

Question 43

what is Kirby Skive

Answer 43

- a form of rearfoot posting - a small amount of the positive is rasped off, usually in the area of the medial tubercle of the calcaneal tuberosity, to increase the supinatory moment at the STJ

Question 44

what is an inverted pour (Blake Modification)

Answer 44

- anti-pronation modification | - take calcaneal bisection and stick a nail in there to tilt the forefoot in significant amounts (25,35 or 45' moments)

Question 45

when would you want to do a 1st ray cutout

Answer 45

-to allow plantarflexion of the 1st ray to allow dorsiflexion of 1st MTP and supination of the STJ

Question 46

when would you not perform a 1st ray cut off?

Answer 46

for a patient with hallux rigidus bc you are encouraging motion they can't do

Question 47

what are the relative contraindications to functional orthoses

Answer 47

1. obesity 2. genu valgum 3. equinus 4. severe flexible flatfoot 5. painful and/pr significantly reduced range of motion (see slide 42)

Question 48

what are the cast techniques for functional orthosis

Answer 48

``` -neutral always off weight bearing STJ in neutral MTJ maximally pronated ankle joint dorsiflexed to resistance ```