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Biomechanics Exam 2 > Orthotic Types > Flashcards

Orthotic Types Flashcards

1
Q

types of orthoses

A 
orthotic
orthosis
prothesis
foot orthosis
custom foot orthosis
perscription custom foot orthosis
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2
Q

shell

A

is the firm material that is pressed to the positive to hold the shape of the orthosis

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3
Q

plaster modifications depends upon

A

they type of orthosis

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4
Q

what are plaster modifications

A

are additions or subtractions of plaster to the original positive for specific purposes

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5
Q

heel cup also referred to as

A

heel seat

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6
Q

depth of the heel seat helps to determine

A

how much control an orthosis will provide

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7
Q

flanges generally extend to

A

just proximal to the MT heads

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8
Q

what types of flanges may be used

A

meidal or lateral flanges

can be used separately or together

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9
Q

lateral clip extend to just

A

proximal to the styloid process of the 5th MT

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10
Q

forefoot extensions extend

A

distally beyond the shell

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11
Q

what type of length can topcovers be

A

full length
sulcus length
length of the shell

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12
Q

spectrum of devices

A 
insole
temporary
pre-fabricated (pre-fabs)/over the counter/off the shelf/pre-made
customized
custom
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13
Q

other types of custom foot orthoses

A

UCB(L)
Pronated
Schaffer plate
Neutral Shell

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14
Q

how do you cast for UCBL Orthoses

A

may be casted neutral, rectus or PWB (partial weight bearing)

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15
Q

how do you cast for pronated orthoses

A

casted STJ pronated

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16
Q

what is a Schaffer plate

A

an arch support

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17
Q

how do you cast for a Schaffer plate

A

depends on how high you want the arch

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18
Q

what is a neutral shell

A

is a functional orthoses w/o posting

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19
Q

how do you cast for neutral shell

A

casted neutral

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20
Q

do accommodative orthoses change function

A

NO!

21
Q

how do you cast for accommodative orthoses

A

partial weightbearing

22
Q

what type of material are accommodative orthoses

A

usually multi-laminar to reduce shear force

material depends on the purpose, size of the patient and the shoe in which they will be worn

23
Q

are accommodative orthoses always soft

A

NO!

24
Q

are accommodative orthoses only for diabetic patients?

A

NO

25
Q

what are the different pediatric devices

A 
Heel Stabilizers (A-D or E)
Whitman
Roberts
Whitman-Roberts
Reverse Roberts
26
Q

how do you cast pediatric devices

A

almost always casted rectus

27
Q

Type A heel stabilizer

A

forefoot platform under 1-3 MT

28
Q

Type B heel stabilizer

A

Deep heel seat and MT FF extension with lateral clip and medial flange

29
Q

Type C heel stabilizer

A

Deep heel seat with medial and lateral flanges to the 1st and 5th MT head

30
Q

true Whitman devices purposely caused pain at

A

the navicular tuberosity

31
Q

Roberts device uses what type of clip

A

lateral clip to keep the calcaneus from everting

32
Q

what is Reverse Roberts

A

like a type D heel stabilizer and functions by forcing an abductory twist as well as potentially increasing STJ pronation

33
Q

what is the purpose of Functional Orthoses

A
  1. Prevent compensation
  2. *Allow the STJ to function around NP
  3. Promote the normal timing of the gait cycle
  4. Change function
34
Q

what are the different types of posts

A

intrinsic posts
extrinsic posts
flat posts

35
Q

intrinsic posts are a result of

A

positive modifications

36
Q

what are intrinsic posts

A

posts are made within the shell itself so the foot forms to the post

37
Q

what are extrinsic posts

A

adding wedges to the outside of the shell

38
Q

extrinsic posts are appropriate for what type of foot?

A

rigid type of foot

39
Q

flat posts provide stability in

A

the rearfoot by preventing the device from rocking

40
Q

flat posts do not provide for — plane correction

A

frontal

41
Q

what are arch fills

A
  • are modifications to the positive

- is the material under the shell to help support the shell

42
Q

what is the purpose of an arch fill

A

provides for the arch height and contour of the device, but is not a control point

43
Q

what is Kirby Skive

A
  • a form of rearfoot posting
  • a small amount of the positive is rasped off, usually in the area of the medial tubercle of the calcaneal tuberosity, to increase the supinatory moment at the STJ
44
Q

what is an inverted pour (Blake Modification)

A
  • anti-pronation modification

- take calcaneal bisection and stick a nail in there to tilt the forefoot in significant amounts (25,35 or 45’ moments)

45
Q

when would you want to do a 1st ray cutout

A

-to allow plantarflexion of the 1st ray to allow dorsiflexion of 1st MTP and supination of the STJ

46
Q

when would you not perform a 1st ray cut off?

A

for a patient with hallux rigidus bc you are encouraging motion they can’t do

47
Q

what are the relative contraindications to functional orthoses

A
  1. obesity
  2. genu valgum
  3. equinus
  4. severe flexible flatfoot
  5. painful and/pr significantly reduced range of motion

(see slide 42)

48
Q

what are the cast techniques for functional orthosis

A 
-neutral
always off weight bearing
STJ in neutral
MTJ maximally pronated
ankle joint dorsiflexed to resistance

Biomechanics Exam 2 (11 decks)

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