Orthopedic Testing Test 1 Flashcards
Translations
Anterior, posterior, lateral, medial, superior, inferior
Active ROM
Client moves
Passive ROM
Therapist moves
End feel
How far the joint can go
Different motions of joints
Roll - bending knee
Slide - patella movement
Traction - pulling the joint apart
Distraction - moving joint perpendicular
Compression - compressed joint
Types of end feel
Soft (tissue on tissue)
Firm (ligaments)
Hard (bone on bone)
Contraindications
Hypermo
Instability
Joint effusion
Infection
Inflammation
Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Active cancer
Bowel/bladder issues
Bilateral parentheses
Precautions
Osteoporosis
Spondylolithesis
Pregnancy
Positive vertebral artery test
Spinal fractures
Spinal stenosis
Neurological changes during testing
Pain resistance sequence
Pain before resistance : acute lesion
Pain with resistance : sub acute
Pain after resistance : chronic
Posterior view assessment
Height of arches (high, flat, symmetrical)
Medial malleoli (symmetrical)
Achilles tendons (width, symmetry)
GN muscle bulk
Fibular heads
Varus or valgus knees
Skin folds at knees and glutes
Greater trochanters, iliac crests, PSIS
Spinous process
Torso skin folds
Arm orientation relative to trunk
Scapula borders, flat or winged
Muscle bulk of traps and ESG
AC joints
Head position , mandible, ear holes, occiputs
Any scars
Anterior view assessment
Feet for pes varus (pigeon) or pes valgus( splay)
Pronation or supination of medial long arches
Assess the knees valgus or varus orientation
Patella superior surfaces
Bulk of quads
ASIS, iliac crests, pelvic tilt?
Fingertip levels
Hands to thighs?
Palms facing
Shape of rib cage ( flat, barrel)
Clavicles
Head position
Mandible
Ear holes
Scars
Lateral view assessment
Plumb line assessments
1. Lat malleolus slightly ant
2. Fib head slightly ant
3. At greater trochanter
4. Acromion
5. Ear hole
Knee orientation hyper extension, both knees visible
PSIS and ASIS levels, pelvic angle (goniometer test)
Pelvic rotation
Lumbar lordosis
Thoracic kyphosis
Shld protracted, retracted or neutral
Trunk rotation
Cervical lordosis or kyphosis
Scars?
Superior view assessment
Head position (rotation or deviation)
Shlds, hands
Pelvis, knees, feet
Head ROMs
Mandibular depression 40-55mm
Mandibular elevation (teeth together)
Lateral deviation 8-10 mm
Protrusion 3-6mm
Retrusion 3mm
Chvosteks test
Tap parotid gland over masseter mm. Twitching of facial MMs indicates a positive test. Jaw relaxed and mouth closed to test. Sitting. Cranial nerve 7
Reciprocal Clicking
Anterior displacement of disc
Sitting or supine
Begin with mouth closed, perform full opening followed by full closing slowly.
TMJ assessment
Slow opening and closing of mouth. Watching for an S wobble or a C wobble. S indicates muscular and c indicates capsular with deviation towards restricted side.
3 knuckle test
Positive test if a person can only get 1-2 knuckles between incisors
Open jaw insert knuckles between teeth. Functional should be 3 knuckles.
Anterolateral neck flexors strength test
Supine
Arms 90 degrees back of hands on table by head
Stabilize shoulder on side being tested
Rotate head away from side being tested
Lift head and hold against gravity
Push test
Posterolateral nexk flexors strength test
Prone
Arms at 90 with palms on table by head
Extend neck and rotate towards side being tested and hold
Stabilize shoulder being tested
Apply pressure
To test up traps rotate away from side being tested.
Cervical spine ROM percents
Normal 20-40
Flexion 80-90
Extension 70
Rotation 70-90
Lateral flex 45
Cervical transverse pressure
Prone
At side to be mobilized, place thumbs next to spinous process (stabilize them)
Press away from body
Cervical manual traction
Supine
At patients head
Hands on posterior neck where traction is desired
Gentle distraction force
Vertebral artery test
Checking for compromise of vertebral arteries
Sitting (hands behind client bracing body)
Rot head to end of range, being head into extension, patients eyes remain open, count to 15 slowly
Support head and look for any changes.
Looking for nystagmus, vertigo, changes in voice or speech, pupil changes, personality changes,
Thoracic ROM percentages
Normal 20-40
Flex 20-45
Exten 25-45
Lat flex 20-40
Rot 35-50
Thoracic transverse pressure
Prone
At side to be mobilized, place thumb pads beside spinous process
Apply pressure with both thumbs stabilized away from therapist
