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massage therapy > Last Test > Flashcards

Last Test Flashcards

1
Q

Foreman and Croft classification grade one

A

No limitation of motion
No ligament injury
No neurological findings

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2
Q

Foreman and craft classification grade 2

A

Limited of motion
No ligament injury
No neurological findings

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3
Q

Foreman and craft classification grade 3

A

Limitation of motion
Some ligament injury
Possible neurological findings

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4
Q

Foreman and craft classification grade 4

A

Limit of motion
Ligament instability
Neurological findings
Fracture or disk irritation

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5
Q

Foreman and Croft classification grade 5

A

Injury requires surgical management or stabilization

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6
Q

Stage one whiplash

A

Acute inflammation phase
Up to 72 hours post accident

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7
Q

Stage two whiplash

A

Subacute repair phase
72 hours to 14 weeks

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8
Q

Stage three whiplash

A

Remodelling face
14 weeks to 12 months or more

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9
Q

Stage four whiplash

A

Chronic and permanent

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10
Q

Three collision types for whiplash

A

Type one is rear impact
Type two is side impact
Type three is front impact

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11
Q

For health history, questions for whiplash

A

What activities are difficult or painful to complete

What aggravates or relieves pain and symptoms

Which direction were you hit from front rear left or right?

Is this an insurance claim?

What are your activities of daily living?

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12
Q

Rear impact mechanism of injuries

A

Acceleration of head is much greater than the vehicle
More severe and long lasting symptoms arise from this vector of injury

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13
Q

Which impact is most researched

A

Rear impact is more researched because it is more severe and long lasting symptoms

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14
Q

Front impact mechanism of injury

A

Reverse mechanism of injury to rear impact collision
Might see it and brace
Torso accelerating backwards
Neck, hyper flexes, then hyperextends
May lead to more soft tissue damage
Absorbs impact stress
Seatbelts airbags headrest crumple zones may reduce injury

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15
Q

Side impact mechanism of injury

A

Mechanism of injury is initial lateral flexion of neck and torso towards side of striking vehicle then away

Little Protection except lap belt, which anchors pelvis

Severe sidebending in spine

Damage lumbar ligaments, disc muscles, as well as cervical and upper thoracic tissue

Side airbags introduced to help reduce these injuries

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16
Q

For legal implications for massage therapists regarding whiplash

A

The first 24 hours the client may be asymptomatic, refer to a physician if any acute injuries are suspected

Important to thoroughly document initial assessment, including all findings ( dysfunctional, or normal limits)

Pain and functional assessment questionnaires can be used to measure initial symptoms for medical insurance documentation

We can also request access records of other healthcare professionals treating the client

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17
Q

Three whiplash contraindications

A

One- avoid removing the protective muscle splinting of acute whiplash

Two - do not passively stretch a muscle that is in spasm

Three - joint play for the spine should not be painful

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18
Q

Stretch for whiplash

A

Client can simply move the neck through its range of motion, contracting antagonist muscles to create the stretch instead of using the hands to pull the neck into a stretch. Don’t overstretch.

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19
Q

Define torticollis

A

Abnormal positioning of the neck and head relative to the body

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20
Q

Latin and common term for torticollis

A

Derived from Latin “tortus” means twisted and “collum” means neck

Common term is Wry neck

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21
Q

Torticollis types

A

Acute acquired torticollis
Congenital torticollis
Spasmodic torticollis

22
Q

Acute acquired torticollis contraindication

A

Do not passively stretch spasmodic muscles

23
Q

Congenital torticollis contraindications

A

If working with infants use reduced pressure when treating contractures

24
Q

Spasmodic torticollis contraindications

A

Painful techniques, joint play, and local direct massage are contraindicated as they may make spasm more pronounced

25
Q

Define tension headache

A

A muscle contracture type headache usually associated with trigger points and other myofascial pain syndrome

26
Q

Cause of tension headache

A

TriggerPoints that refer into head and neck

27
Q

Two predisposing factors of tension headache

A

Sleep disturbance
Postural imbalance
TMJ disfunction

28
Q

Define migraine

A

A Paroxysmal Neurological disorder with many signs and symptoms

29
Q

Causes of migraine

A

Cause can be life-threatening disease or a minor complaint or anything in between

Unknown and genetics

30
Q

Two triggering factors of migraine

A

Stress and hunger

31
Q

Aggravating factor of migraine

A

Movement and trigger points

32
Q

Define sinusitis

A

And acute or chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses

33
Q

Two causes of sinusitis

A

Viral infection and bacterial infection

34
Q

Two contraindications of sinusitis

A

Massage is contraindicated with a fever

Local lymph drainage is contraindicated with acute infection

35
Q

Sinusitis pre-treatment hydrotherapy

A

Five minute facial steam to aid mucus drainage

36
Q

Oils that can be used in sinusitis Massage

A

Eucalyptus
Cajeput
tea tree
Thyme
Lavender

37
Q

Define emphysema

A

A disease that causes enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and destruction of the alveolar walls

38
Q

What does pink puffer mean?

A

A person struggling and over ventilating maintaining blood gas levels until later in disease

39
Q

Two causes of emphysema

A

Over abundance of Proteolytic enzymes

Inherited lack of proteolytic enzyme, inhibitors

40
Q

Three contraindications for emphysema Massage

A

Avoid placing client with severe emphysema in supine or prone position

Do not use postural drainage directly after client has eaten

Is indicated over boney prominences, floating ribs, and breast tissue

41
Q

What is COPD?

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

42
Q

What’s a common cause of COPD?

A

Tobacco smoke

43
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

A genetic disorder of the apocrine glands

44
Q

Define chronic bronchitis

A

A condition that results in the production of purulent sputum for at least three months in a row over two consecutive years

45
Q

What is blue bloater?

A

Cyanosis of skin and retaining weight

46
Q

Causes of chronic bronchitis

A

Smoking and environmental factors

47
Q

Two contraindications of chronic bronchitis

A

Don’t exhaust the client with over treatment or prolonged painful techniques

Do not use postural drainage directly after client has eaten

48
Q

Lobes of lungs

A

Right (upper, middle, lower)
Left (upper, lower)

49
Q

Asthma definition

A

Chronic inflammation disorders characterized by bronchospasms, which is reversible over time either spontaneously or following treatment. It comes from a Greek word meaning panting

50
Q

3 examples of extrinsic asthma

A

Pollen, animal dander, foods and cigarettes smokes

51
Q

3 examples to f intrinsic asthma

A

Weather changes, emotional stress, air pollution, fumes

52
Q

2 CIs of asthma

A

Postural drainage is CI with severe hemoptysis, severe pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, severe hypertension or hypotension, recent heart attack and neurosurgery

Massage, lymph drainage and hydro CI in an acute attack

massage therapy (7 decks)

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