Orthopedic Emergencies Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the exemptions for lab work

A

multi-system trauma
concern for pathologic fx
concern for infection
pre-sugical planning

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2
Q

what is the mainstay of emergency treatment of fractures

A

stabilization

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3
Q

what are the splinting basics

A

Check CSM (circulation, sensory, motor) before and after
stockinette to protect skin
padding
fiberglass/plaster

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4
Q

what is the most common type of hip dislocation

A

posterior

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5
Q

what are the types of hip relocation techniques

A

captain morgan
traction-counter traction

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6
Q

what are the 5 P’s of compartment syndrome

A

pain
pulse
pallor
paresthesias
paralysis
circulation assessment

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7
Q

what are causes of rhabdomyolysis

A

immobilization
toxicity
hypo/hyperthremia
inflammatory/infectious cause
overextertion (marathon runners)
prolonged seizure activity/prolonged down time
Crush injuries

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8
Q

what are risk factors for rhabdomylosis

A

pre-existing kidney or liver dysfunction
DM
pre-exercise sedentary lifestyle
medication use: statins, NSAIDs

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9
Q

what is the presentation of rhabdomyolysis

A

myalgias, weakness, swelling
urine: cola-colored, myoglcin and hematura
malaise, fever, tachycardia, N/V

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10
Q

what is the treatment of rhabdomyolysis

A

mainstay = hydration
if ATN develops: hemodialysis

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11
Q

what imaging should a spine trauma patient obtain

A

CT scan

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12
Q

what are red flags for back pain

A

age <18
age > 50
pain refractory to analgesia
hx trauma
hx spinal sx or injections
coagulopathy
hx AAA
immunodeficiency
incontinence
saddle paresthesias
progressive bilat LE weakness

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