Orthopedic Emergencies Flashcards
What are the exemptions for lab work
multi-system trauma
concern for pathologic fx
concern for infection
pre-sugical planning
what is the mainstay of emergency treatment of fractures
stabilization
what are the splinting basics
Check CSM (circulation, sensory, motor) before and after
stockinette to protect skin
padding
fiberglass/plaster
what is the most common type of hip dislocation
posterior
what are the types of hip relocation techniques
captain morgan
traction-counter traction
what are the 5 P’s of compartment syndrome
pain
pulse
pallor
paresthesias
paralysis
circulation assessment
what are causes of rhabdomyolysis
immobilization
toxicity
hypo/hyperthremia
inflammatory/infectious cause
overextertion (marathon runners)
prolonged seizure activity/prolonged down time
Crush injuries
what are risk factors for rhabdomylosis
pre-existing kidney or liver dysfunction
DM
pre-exercise sedentary lifestyle
medication use: statins, NSAIDs
what is the presentation of rhabdomyolysis
myalgias, weakness, swelling
urine: cola-colored, myoglcin and hematura
malaise, fever, tachycardia, N/V
what is the treatment of rhabdomyolysis
mainstay = hydration
if ATN develops: hemodialysis
what imaging should a spine trauma patient obtain
CT scan
what are red flags for back pain
age <18
age > 50
pain refractory to analgesia
hx trauma
hx spinal sx or injections
coagulopathy
hx AAA
immunodeficiency
incontinence
saddle paresthesias
progressive bilat LE weakness
