EM "Other" Flashcards
what is the treatment of uncomplicated dental abscess
NSAIDs
Penicillin VK or Clindamycin
Drain gingival abscesses
what ist he treatment of complicated dental abscess
may require CT neck to evaluate for deep space abscess/Ludwig
IV Clindamycin. Consult with ENT/dental
what are possible complications of dental blocks
allergy
pain
toxic OD on anesthetic
hematoma
Neuropathy
infxn
failure
needle break
what is it called when the entire tooth is out of the socket
tooth avulsion
what is a tooth luxation
not in normal position, can be impaction, extrusion or lateral luxation
what is Epistaxis
bloody nose
What is the most common area of nose bleed
Kiesselbach’s plexus
what are symptoms of peritonsillar abscesss
sore throat
hot potato voice
stridor
trismus
sniffing position
drooling
unilat peritonsillar swelling
uvular displacement
what is the typical abx given for peritonsilar abscess
clindamycin
what is the diagnostic test of choice for peritonsilar abscess
CT with contrast for definitive dx and sizing
where is the carotid artery located in relation to peritonsillar abscess
lateral
what is a retropharyngeal abscess
abscess that extends down postoperative oropharynx, can track into mediastinum
what is the presentation of retropharyngeal abscess
fever
neck pain/swelling
nuchal regidity
what is the test of choice for retropharyngeal abscess
CT
what is Ludwigs
cellulitis of submandibular space, often starts wtih infected molar
often - no abscess
what is the treatment of ludwigs
IV/O2/Monitor
monitor airway
dex for swelling/airway
abx: Clindamycin
what is anisocoria
different pupil sizes
what is relative afferent pupillary defect
defect in direct response dut to nerve damage or severe retinal disease, assess with swinging light test
what is Argyll Robertson pupil
neurosyphilis, pupils will not constrict with light but will wtih accomodation
what is Horner’s syndrome
loss of of sympathetic innervation leading to ptosis (drooping of lid), Miosis (pupillary constriction) and anhidrosis (decreased sweating)
what is seen classically on exam for glaucoma
mid-dilated non-reactive pupil, steamy corena, ciliary conjunctival injection, decreased visual acuity
what is the IOP with glaucoma
> 21mmHg
what is the treatment for glaucoma
call optho
Timolol drops Q15 min x 2-3x
acetazolamide IV
what medications will increase IOP
ketamine or succinylcholine
what is a hyphema
blood in anterior chamber
associationed with damage to iris, ciliary body vasculature
what ABX are given with globe rupture
vancomycin PLUS ceftazidime
what is an open globe rupture
fulll thickness break in wall of the eye (ruptures of laceration)
what is a clsoed glob ruputre
partial thickness scleral laceration, partial thickness corneal laceration (no loss of aqueous humor)
what is retrobulbar hematoma
diminished/lost acuity, increased IOP, proptosis
what is the treatment of retrobulbar hematoma
lateral canthotomy to release compartment
what is priapism
painful erection > 4hours
urologic emergency
what is the treatment of priapism
intercorpial phenlyephrine injection with TB needle into corpus at proximal aspect 2-4cm distal to the origin of the shaft, at the 10-2 o’clock
what is ECMO
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
used during times of severe heart or lung dysfunction and acts as pulmonary bypass
