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EMT > Orthopaedic Emergencies > Flashcards

Orthopaedic Emergencies Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a fracture?

A

A break in the continuity of the bone, can be closed or open.

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2
Q

What is a displaced fracture?

A

Produces actual deformity or distortion of the limb

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3
Q

What is a nondisplaced fracture?

A

A simple crack of the bone

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4
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

The bone is broken into more than two fragments

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5
Q

What is an epiphyseal fracture?

A

Fracture in growth section of a child’s bone

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6
Q

What is a greenstick fracture?

A

An incomplete fracture that passes only partway through the shaft of a bone

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7
Q

What is an incomplete fracture?

A

A fracture that does not run completely through the bone

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8
Q

What is an oblique fracture?

A

Bone is broken at an angle across the bone

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9
Q

What is a pathologic fracture?

A

Fracture of weakened or diseased bone

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10
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

A fracture caused by a twisting force, causing an oblique fracture around and through the bone

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11
Q

What is a transverse fracture?

A

Occurs straight across the bone

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12
Q

What signs should you suspect from a fracture?

A

Deformity, tenderness, guarding, swelling, busing, crepitus, false motion, exposed fragments, pain, locked joint

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13
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

A distruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact

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14
Q

State signs and symptoms of a dislocation

A

Marked deformity, swelling, pain that is aggravated by any attempt at movement, tenderness on palpation, loss of normal joint motion, numbness or impaired circulation

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15
Q

What is a sprain?

A

occur when a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of motion

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16
Q

Signs of a sprain?

A

Guarding, swelling and eccymosis, pain, instability of a joint

17
Q

What is a strain

A

stretching or tearing of the muscle

18
Q

What does a strain cause to the site of injury?

A

pain, swelling, bruising of soft tissue of area, minor swelling, no deformity usually

19
Q

How do you prevent contamination following an open fracture?

A

brush away any debris on the skin and do not enter or probe the fracture site

20
Q

What injuries should be splinted?

A

all fractures, dislocations, and sprains

21
Q

What are two situations in which a limb must be splinted in a position of deformity?

A

when the deformity is severe and when extreme resistance or extreme pain is noted when applying gentle traction

22
Q

What joint is frequently separated during sports?

A

Acromioclavicular joint

23
Q
A

EMT (10 decks)

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