Medical Overview

Question 1

Common respiratory emergencies

Answer 1

asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis

Question 2

Common cardiovascular emergencies

Answer 2

Heart attacks (MI) or congestive heart failure (CHF)

Question 3

Common neurologic emergencies

Answer 3

seizure, stroke, syncope

Question 4

Common GI emergencies

Answer 4

appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis

Question 5

Common urologic emergencies

Answer 5

kidney stones, bladder infection

Question 6

Common endocrine emergencies

Answer 6

diabetes mellitus

Question 7

Common hematologic emergencies

Answer 7

sickle cell disease, clotting disorders like hemophilia

Question 8

Common immunologic emergencies

Answer 8

anaphylactic reactions

Question 9

Common toxicologic emergencies

Answer 9

substance abuse; food, plant, or chemical poisoning

Question 10

Common behavioral emergencies

Answer 10

Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, depression, suicide

Question 11

Common gynecologic emergencies

Answer 11

vaginal bleeding, STDs, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy

Question 12

What is an infectious disease

Answer 12

medical condition caused by growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

Question 13

What is a communicable disease

Answer 13

disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

Question 14

Describe a pandemic

Answer 14

outbreak that occurs on a global scale ex flu and covid 19

Question 15

Describe an epidemic

Answer 15

occurs when new cases of a disease ina human population substantially exceed the number expected based on recent experience

Question 16

How is influenza spread?

Answer 16

Transmitted by direct contact with nasal secretions and aerosolized droplets from coughing and sneezing by infected people

Question 17

What is hepatitis?

Answer 17

inflammation and often infection of the liver

Question 18

Describe signs of hepatitis

Answer 18

loss of appetitie, vomiting, fever, fatigue, sore throat, cough, and muscle/joint pain. Jaundice and URQ abdominal pain may develop several weeks later

Question 19

How is hep A spread?

Answer 19

fecal-oral, infected food or drink

Question 20

How is hep B spread?

Answer 20

blood, sexual contact, saliva, urine, breast milk

Question 21

How is hep C spread?

Answer 21

blood, sexual contact

Question 22

How is hep D spread?

Answer 22

blood, sexual contact

Question 23

What is meningitis and what are the signs?

Answer 23

inflammation of meningeal coverings of brain and spinal cord. signs include fever, headache, stiff neck, and altered mental status

Question 24

Signs of menigococcal meningitis

Answer 24

flu like symptoms, high fever, photophobia, severe headache, and stiff neck. May also have red blotches on skin

Question 25

Signs and route of transmission of whooping cough

Answer 25

airbone disease caused by bacteria mostly in children under 6. Signs include fever and a whoop sound that occurs when patient tries to inhale after a coughing attack

Question 26

What is MRSA and how is it spread?

Answer 26

MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections. Resistant to many antibiotics. In health care settings, MRSA is transmitted from patient to patient by health care providers’ unwashed hands

Question 27

Signs of MRSA

Answer 27

may involve localized skin abscesses and sepsis with older patients

Question 28

What is MERS-CoV?

Answer 28

virus commonly found in camels and bats in middle east. symptoms include high fever, cough, muscle aches, vomiting, and diarrhea. In some cases, renal and respiratory failure

Question 29

What is Ebola?

Answer 29

Virus from West Africa . Incubation is 6-12 days with symptoms showing up to 21 days after infection. Symptoms include watery diarrhea, vomiting, body aches, fever, and bleeding