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Microbiology 2nd Sem Midterm > Orthomyxovirus > Flashcards

Orthomyxovirus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Epidemics

Human virus

A

Influenza B

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2
Q

Mild respiratory tract infection

A

Influenza C

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3
Q

Morphology

A

Segmented
SS genome
Helical nucleocapsid
Lipoprotein envelope

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4
Q

Morphology 2

A

Envelope contain 2 spikes
Hemagglutinin
Neuramidase
Internal antigens

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5
Q

Morphology 3

A 
HA- hemagglutinin
NA- neuramidase
Helical nucleocapsid
Lipid bilayer membrane
Polymerase (3proteins)
M1 protein
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6
Q

Influenza

Commonly called

A

The flu

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7
Q

Influenza

Incubation period

A

1-4 days average of 2 days

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8
Q

Influenza

Adult infectious

A

Day before symptom begins till 5days after onset

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9
Q

Influenza

Children infectious

A

> 10 days

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10
Q

Influenza

Young children infectious

A
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11
Q

Influenza

Immunocompromised persons can shed virus for

A

Weeks or months

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12
Q

Influenza infection has also been associated with

A 
Encephalopathy
Transverse myelitis
Reye syndrome
Myositis
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
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13
Q

Population at risk for complications, hospitalization and deaths

A

> 65 years old
Young children
Cardio, metabolic and pulmonary problems
Receiving long term ASA

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14
Q

In colder countries flu is largely seen during

A

Colder months and they vaccinate prior to this season (October)

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15
Q

In tropical countries flu is seen

A

All year round

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16
Q

Type of influenza that may cause epidemic

A

A and B

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17
Q

Type of influenza that may cause pandemics

A

A

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18
Q

Getting flu shot can prevent illness from

A

A and B

But not for C

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19
Q

Cause mild respiratory illness

Not thought to cause epidemics

A

Influenza type C

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20
Q

Influenza

Genome

A

Segmented

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21
Q

Influenza virus divided into subtypes based on

A

HA and N proteins

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22
Q

Nomenclature based on

A

Site of origin
Isolate number
Year of isolation

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23
Q

Small changes in the virus that happen continually ( Aand B)

A

Antigenic drift

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24
Q

Abrupt, major change in the influenza A viruses, resulting in new H and or new H and N proteins that infect the humans (A only)

A

Antigenic shift

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25
Q

Current subtypes of influenza A viruses found in people are

A

A(H1N1)

A (H3N2)

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26
Q

Not divided into subtypes

A

Influenza B virus

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27
Q

Included in each years influenza vaccine

A

A(H1N1
A(H3N2)
Influenza B

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28
Q

Current flu pandemic: novel A (H1N1)

Quadruple reassortant:

A

2 NA bird flu genes
1 swine flu
Human flu

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29
Q

Current flu pandemic: novel A (H1N1)

Characteristics

A

Lower respi
More contagious
More common than seasonal flu

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30
Q

Current flu pandemic: novel A (H1N1)

Resistant to

A

Amantadine

Rimantadine

31
Q

Avian influenza

Caused by how many subtypes of influenza A virus,

A

15

32
Q

Avian influenza

Extremely contagious in

A

Birds

33
Q

Avian influenza

Almost 100% in a few days

A

Rapidly fatal

High mortality

34
Q

Avian influenza

Most recent

A

H5N1

35
Q

Domestic ducks

A

H7N3 virus

36
Q

Wild birds

A

H7N9

37
Q

Domestic poultry

A

Multiple H 9N2

38
Q

Treatment for influenza

Adamantanes

A

Amantadine

Rimantadine

39
Q

Treatment for influenza

Neuraminidase inhibitors

A

Zanamivir

Oseltamivir

40
Q

Treatment for influenza

Antiviral treatment lasts for

A

5 days and must be started within

41
Q

Inactivated/split type of vaccine

A

Trivalent or quadrivalent

42
Q

Vaccines

A

Live attenuated vaccine
Cold adapted
Intranasal

43
Q

Vaccine dose by age group

6-35months

A

.25ml
1or2 dose
IM

44
Q

Vaccine dose by age group

3-8years

A

.5ml
1or2 doses
IM

45
Q

Vaccine dose by age group

> 9 years

A

.5 ml
1 dose
IM

46
Q

Properties of orthomyxovirus and paramyxovirus

A

Nasa powerpoint, table.

47
Q

Orthomyxovirus

A

Negative Single stranded RNA

48
Q

A and B segments

A

8

49
Q

C segments

A

7

50
Q

Enveloped with glycoprotein spikes

A

H- hemagglutinin

N- neuraminidase

51
Q

Surface antigen

Binds with the host cell receptor

A

H Ag

52
Q

Surface antigen

Can neutralize the virus

A

H antibodies

53
Q

Surface antigen

Can agglutinate RBC of various animals

A

H Ag

54
Q

Surface antigen

Receptor destroying the enzyme
Promotes spread of the virus to the lower part of the respiratory tract

A

N Ag

55
Q

Nomenclature

A

Influenza Ao (HoN1)

56
Q

Major change

Undergoes genetic re-assortment due to the segmented nature of the genome

A

Antigenic shift

57
Q

Antigenic shift

Responsible for

A

Pandemics and epidemics

58
Q

Antigenic shift

Cyclic after every

A

10 years

59
Q

A minor change

Results from a change in the amino acid sequence of H Ag but H remains basically the same protein.

A

Antigenic drift

60
Q

Influenza A virus involed in Pandemics and epidemics

A

Memorize mo, nasa manual

61
Q

Emerging and re emerging influenza A viruses

A

Memorize mo din nasa manual

62
Q

Complication

A

Primary influenza pneumonia
Secondary bacteria pneumonia
Reye’s syndrome (B)
Guillain-Barré syndrome

63
Q

Diagnosis

Isolation

A

Monkey kidney tissue culture

Madin Darby canine kidney

64
Q

Diagnosis

Isolation

Does not produce

A

Cytophatic effect

65
Q

Diagnosis

Presence of the virus detected by

RBC will adhere to the tissue culture

A

Hemadsorption technique

66
Q

Diagnosis

Virus agglutinates RBC

A

Hemagglutination test

67
Q

Diagnosis

Respiratory secretions

A

Fluorescent Ab technique

68
Q

Diagnosis

CF Ab and HI Ab

A

Serology

69
Q

Effective against A

A

Amantadine
Rimantdine

Target M2 protein
Effective when given in early stage

70
Q

Effective against A and B

A

Oswltamivir

Zanamivir

71
Q

Inactivated virus vaccine

A

Vaccine

72
Q

Nasal spray

A

Love attenuated

Cold adapted

73
Q

Pandemics and epidemics humans and animals

A

Influenza A

Microbiology 2nd Sem Midterm (5 decks)

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