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bds3 orthodontics > ORTHODONTIC ASSESSMENT > Flashcards

ORTHODONTIC ASSESSMENT Flashcards

1
Q

Why would an orthodontic assessment be undertaken?

A
  • determine if any malocclusion is present
  • identify any underlying causes
  • decide if treatment is indicated
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2
Q

When is the best time to do an orthodontic assessment?

A
  • Brief exam at 9/10 YEARS OLD (mixed dentition stage)
  • COMPREHENSIVE EXAM AT 11-12 YEARS OLD (when premolars and canines erupt)
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3
Q

What is the IDEAL OCCLUSION?

A

The ‘Gold Standard’ hypothetical perfect occlusion

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4
Q

What is a malocclusion?

A

Significant deviations from the ‘ideal’ that may be considered unsatisfactory (aesthetically or functionally)

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5
Q

What are Andrews 6 Keys (1972)?

A
  1. Molar relationship
  2. Crown angulation
  3. Crown Inclination
  4. No rotations
  5. No spaces
  6. Flat occlusal planes
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6
Q

Describe the molar relationship in the ideal occlusion:

A

Molar relationship = the distal surface of the disto-buccal cusp of the upper first permanent molar occludes with the mesial surface of the mesio-buccal crust of the lower second permanent molar

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7
Q

What medical condition may contra-indicate getting removable ortho appliances?

A

Epilepsy

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8
Q

Can patients getting MRI scans get braces?

A

NO

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9
Q

how can PDH affect orthodontic treatment?

A
  • frequency of attendance
  • nature of previous treatment
  • co-operation with previous treatment
  • trauma to permanent dentition (take radiographs in these patients)
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10
Q

how can social/family history affect orthodontic treatment?

A
  • travelling/distance time
  • car owner/public transport
  • parent work
  • school exams
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11
Q

What are the effects of a digit sucking habit in a patient?

A

Malocclusion!!!

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12
Q

What habits can have an effect on Ortho Treatment?

A
  • thumb sucking
  • lower lip sucking
  • tongue thrust
  • chewing finger nails
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13
Q

When performing an extra-oral orthodontic exam, what is involved?

A
  • skeletal bases
  • soft tissue
  • TMJ
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14
Q

What can be a good guide when looking at a paediatric orthodontic patient?

A

Look at parent!

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15
Q

How do you asses the skeletal bases CLINICALLY in a pateint?

A

Visual assessment (orientate patient to look straight ahead) and look to see where soft tissue A point & B point are

Palpate skeletal bases (point A & B)

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16
Q

How can Class I occlusion be described?

A

maxilla 2-3mm in front of mandible

17
Q

How can Class II occlusion be described?

A

maxilla more than 3mm in front

18
Q

How can Class III occlusion be described?

A

mandible in front of maxilla

19
Q

What vertical measurements are taken in an extra-oral orthodontic examination?

A
  • Frankfort Mandibular Planes Angle
20
Q

In patients with an increased FMPA angle, what might you see?

A

Anterior open bite

21
Q

In patients with an reduced FMPA angle, what might you see?

A

Deep bite

22
Q

what assessment may be taken in an extra-oral orthodontic exam?

A

Look at the mid sagittal reference line

23
Q

What are competent lips?

A

Lips that meet at rest (with no mentalis muscle activation)

24
Q

What are incompetent lips?

A

Lips that do not meet at rest

25
Q

What can happen as a result of a lip trap?

A

Proclined upper incisors

26
Q

What can a tongue thrust cause?

A

Anterior open bite

27
Q

What are the occlusal effect of a thumb sucking habit?

A
  • proclination of upper anteriors
  • retroclination of lower anteriors
  • localised anterior open bite or incomplete open bite
  • narrow upper arch
28
Q

If a patient is still sucking their thumb at 9 years old and you get them to stop what will happen?

A

teeth with correct themselves

29
Q

What is involved in the TMJ examination during an orthodontic assessment?

A
  • path of closure
  • range of movement
  • pain
  • click from joint
  • deviation on opening
  • muscle tenderness
30
Q

What is assessed in the intra-oral orthodontic exam?

A
  • oral hygiene & periodontal health
  • teeth present
  • quality of teeth

bds3 orthodontics (8 decks)

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