Ortho Tx Of Cleft Lip/Palate Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: clefts of the lip and the palate are the most common of facial/oral congenital anomalies

A

True

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2
Q

Cleft lip and/or palate occurs in

A

1 in 700 births
~4300 newborns per year

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3
Q

Overall ratio male:female cleft lip/palate

A

3:2

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4
Q

Clefts of the palate ONLY female: male ratio

A

2:1

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5
Q

Incidence of CL/CP

A

Cleft lip and palate =40%
Cleft palate= 32%
Cleft lip = 28%

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6
Q

Whites of European decent incidence of CL/CP

A

1 in 700 live births

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7
Q

T/F: older woman have a lower incidence of giving birth to a CL/CP child

A

False- higher
Over the age 35 doubles risk
Over age 39 triples risk

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8
Q

Group 1

A

Clefts of lip only

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9
Q

Group 2

A

Clefts of the secondary palate only

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10
Q

Group 3

A

Clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate
Complete cleft lip and palate

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11
Q

Group 4

A

Clefts of the lip and alveolus
Primary cleft palate and lip

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12
Q

Group 5

A

Miscellaneous group
Includes cleft which do not fit into the above categories

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13
Q

Classification of CL/CP

A

Unilateral incomplete
Unilateral complete
Bilateral complete

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14
Q

Cleft lip embryology

A

Failure of max process and medial nasal process to fuse
Fusion generally happens at week 6
May affect both lip and primary palate

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15
Q

What does MNP give rise to

A

4 permanent incisors

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16
Q

Cleft palate embryology

A

Failure of the palate shelves to meet and fuse
Fusion begins at week 7-8 and completed by week 10

17
Q

Etiology of CL/CP

A

Syndromic
Familial
Isolated or non familial

18
Q

Syndromic

A

Chromosomal, single gene, mitochondrial disorders
Environmental etiologies
~1% cases

19
Q

Familial

A

2 or more affected individuals in first, second and third degree relatives
~25 % of cases

20
Q

Isolated or non-familial

A

First person pedigree to have defect
~75% cases

21
Q

Complicates associated with CL/CP

A

Bonding issues
Feeding difficulties
Ear infections and hearing loss
Speech and language delays
Dental problems
Psychosocial problems

22
Q

Tx of CL/CP

A

Surgical/non surgical stages - birth to young adulthood
Craniofacial team

23
Q

Surgical tx staging

A

Social worker
Nurse team coordinator
Genetic counselor
Audiologist
Otolaryngologist
Speech and language specialist
Pediatric dentist
Ortho
Pediatrician
Plastic/craniofacial surgeon

24
Q

First surgical intervention - primary lip closure

A

May need orthopedic force to proximate the primary palate prior to initial surgery
Expansion may be necessary
Rule of 10 applied

25
Rule of 10
10 weeks 10 pounds 10 mg hemoglobin
26
Second surgical intervention
12-18 months of age Close hard and soft Speech development major concern
27
Pharyngeal flap surgery
Control airflow to imporve speech Velopharyngeal inadequacy resulting in hypernasality Age 4
28
Ortho intervention
Prepare cleft side receive bone graft Timing - eruption of perm canine (1/3 root formed) Have permanent canine erupt through bone graft - spontaneous, expose and pull in if not
29
Donor sites - bone graft
Alveolar Iliac crest Cranial
30
Braces are used to align the ____
Incisors Lateral is adjacent to cleft generally missing
31
What class skeletal pattern do pts typically have
Class 3 maxillary deificient Comp ortho with or without surgery to address