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Ortho > Etiology And Treatment Of Oral Habits > Flashcards

Etiology And Treatment Of Oral Habits Flashcards

1
Q

Repeated forceful sucking of the digit with associated strong buccal and lip contractions

A

Digit sucking

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2
Q

Digit sucking incidence

A

No correlation to socioeconomic level
Males=females
50% of 1 year olds
20% of 6-15 year olds

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3
Q

Types of sucking

A

Nutritive
Non nutritive
Chronic

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4
Q

Nutritive

A

Needed to survive

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5
Q

Non nutritive

A

Sucking of a digit or pacifier not related to the ingestion of nutrients
Prevalence 50-70% in the first few years of life
Birth to 4 years old

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6
Q

Chronic

A

Continues after age 4
Distortion of dento-alveolar structures
Stop habit before permanent teeth erupt to avoid side effects

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7
Q

What type of malocclusion is associated with digit habits

A

Class II

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8
Q

Possible effects of chronic sucking

A

Dental
Skeletal

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9
Q

Dental effects

A

Labial inclination / displacement of max incisors
Increased overjet with spacing between maxillary incisors
Over eruption of posterior teeth
Decreased overbite of anterior teeth (anterior open bite)
Linguo-version of mandibular incisors
Posterior crossbite (constricted max arch)
Class II molar relationship

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10
Q

Failure of _______ arch to develop in ______ due to alteration in _______ between cheek and _______

A

Maxillary
Width
Balance
Tongue

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11
Q

What must happen to the tongue to accommodate the digit position

A

Must be lowered

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12
Q

Leaving the __________ posterior teeth unopposed on the _________ surface

A

Maxillary
Lingual

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13
Q

Skeletal effects

A

Lowered mandibular posture and autorotation
Class II apical base relationship
Anterior + superior distortion of max anterior alveolar process

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14
Q

What happens maxillary apical base

A

Distorted and lengthened

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15
Q

Other effects

A

Functional shift to right or left
Asymmetrical growth of condyle or mandibular fossa
Speech problems
TMJ problems= lack of incisal guidance

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16
Q

Compensation made necessary by the altered oral environment by an original habit.

Abnormal tongue, perioral and facial muscle posture, and activity during swallowing and/or at rest

A

Tongue dysfunction

17
Q

Swallowing patterns - visceral

A

Neonate, infant
Normal until ~4 years old

18
Q

Swallowing patterns -somatic

A

Adult
Begins with eruption of primary dentition
Normal by age 4 or 5

19
Q

Normal swallowing patterns characterized by

A

Decreased use of perioral muscles
Teeth and lips being in contact
Tongue remaining within the confines of dental arches

20
Q

Tongue problems may result from

A

Excessive epipharyngeal lymphoid tissue
Neurological deficit
Large tongue
Skeletal open bite

21
Q

Tongue dysfunction

A

Primary, causal
Secondary, adaptive
Anterior
Lateral
Complex

22
Q

Horizontal growth pattern with tongue thrust

A

Bimaxillary dental protrusion

23
Q

Vertical growth pattern with tongue thrust

A

Lower incisors lingually inclined

24
Q

T/F : it is important to clarify both skeletal and tongue dysfunction

A

Yes, from a differential dx point of view

25
Q

Lip habits

A

Lip sucking
Cheek sucking or biting

26
Q

Treatment approaches

A

Decision to treat Chronic non-nutritive sucking or tongue thrusting habits should be based on
- is the habit causing or enhancing the malocclusion?
-will cessation of the habit allow for self corrrection?
-will cessation prevent the malocclusion from worsening or progressing?
- is the child mature enough to accept treatment?

27
Q

Child must be aware that there is a problem and desire to stop

A

Motivational books
Band-aid on digit
Gloves, socks

28
Q

Infants

A

Pacifier
Decreases occurrence of chronic habit
Advantage- parents can limit use

29
Q

Treatment toddlers

A

No direct dental or social harm
Don’t encourage
Dont discourage too vigorously
Seek reason for its use
Distraction

30
Q

Tx preschooler

A

Encourage toys, games, friends or outdoor activities

31
Q

School age children and older treatment

A

Habit practices in privacy
No spontaneous improvement as permanent teeth erupt
Even night time habit practice can perpetuate a dental alveolar problem

32
Q

Behavior modification

A

Reward
Char progress
Positive reinforcement
Devise a strategy

33
Q

Emotional support

A

Parent and dentist
Reassurance + patience

Ortho (19 decks)

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