Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pediatrics - clinical > Ortho/Rheum > Flashcards

Ortho/Rheum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the onset of symtpoms for AVN of proximal femur

A

insidious onset of a dull ache or throbbing localized to groin, lateral hip or buttocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is AVN of the hip called for children

A

Legg-Calve Perthes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what ages is legg-calve perthes disease common in

A

ages 2-11
peak incidence of 4-8yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how is AVN of the proximal femur diagnosed

A

MRI is study of choice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is AVN of the proximal femur treated

A

may be conservative or may eventually need joint replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is it called when the socket or acetabulum and the femoral head are misaligned

A

congenital or developmental hip dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the presentation of children with congenital hip dysplasia

A

legs of unequal lengths
asymmetric skin folds around groin
may develop limp/waddling gait when they start walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when should children be screened for hip dysplasia

A

every well-child visit until 2 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the hip examining techniques

A

Barlow
Ortolani
US for assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the Barlow test

A

hip adduction causes dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the Ortolani test

A

hip flexion and abduction with anterior pressure causes reduction of hip dislocation (CLICK auscultated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the treament for congenital hip dysplasia

Heather and Melissa you are going to hate this one… think ortho minded…

A

< 6 months: Pavlik harness
6-15months: hip spica cast
15-24months: open reduction followed by hip spica cast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three types of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

A
  1. Oligoarticular JIA
  2. Polyarticular JIA
  3. Systemic JIA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is oligoarticular JIA

A

most common form typically affecting young girls
involvement of <4 joints during first 6 months of the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is Polyarticular JIA

A

2nd most common. affects >5 joints at onset
dividied into RF negative and RF positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is systemic JIA

A

least common
involves fever and systemic manifestations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when should JIA be suspected in children

A

children with symptoms of arthritis, signs of iridocylitis, generalized adenopathy, splenomegaly or unexplained rash/prolonged fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the treatment for Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis

A

NSAIDs, INtra-articular corticosteroids, disases modifying meds - Methotrexate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what age group is Osteosarcoma typically seen in

A

Kids 10-14yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the presentation of osteosarcoma

A

progressively worsening night pain, bone pain/joint swelling - may look similar to growing pains and can easily be missed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is seen on XR with osteosarcomas

A

sun ray/burst or hair on end appearacne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the most common sit of metastasis for osteosarcoma

A

Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the treatment of osteosarcoma

A

Limb-sparing resection or radial amputation

24
Q

what ages are Ewing Sarcomas typically seen in

A

kids 5-25 yo

25
what is the presentation of Ewing's sarcoma
pain often accompanied by fever, often mimics an infection. may have palpable mass, swelling and local tenderness
26
what is seen on XR with Ewing's sarcoma
Lytic lesion with an onion-skin appearance of the periosteum
27
what is the treatment of Ewing sarcoma
chemo, surgery and radiation
28
what age group is typically affected by osteochondroma
10-20 yo
29
what is a benign chondrogenic lesion derived from aberrant cartilage
osteochondroma
30
who is most commonly affected by osteochondroma
males ages 10-20
31
what is seen on x-ray with osteochondroma
sessile (broad base) or pedunculated stalk lesions found on the surface of bones
32
what is the treatment of ostochondroma
observation resect if it becomes painful
33
what is the most common benign bone tumor
osteochondroma
34
what is nursemaids elbow
dislocation of the elbow caused by sudden pull of extended pronated forarm
35
what age is most commonly affected by nursemaids elbow
ages 1-3yo
36
what is the presentation of nursemaids elbow
significant pain partial limitation of flexion/extension of elbow or total loss of pronation/supination in affected arm
37
how is nursemaids elbow diagnosed
clinically XR only to rule out fractures or other dislocation
38
what is the treatment for nursemaids elbow
Supination-flexion technique
39
what is inflammation of the patellar ligament at the insertion point of the tibial tuberosity
osgood-schlatters
40
what population is osgood-schlatters commonly seen in
boys age 9-14 who recently underwent rapid growth spurt and doing sports that involve running
41
what is the treatment for osgood-schlatters
reduce physical activity Ice Physical therapy short term NSAIDs
42
how is scoliosis measured
Cobb angle of 10 degrees or more
43
when does scoliosis typically begin to present itself
ages 8-10
44
what test is used to screen for scoliosis
Adams test - foward bend
45
what is seen with Adams test if scoliosis positive
asymmetry in scapular height
46
what other tests are commonly done in those with scoliosis for the workup
MRI - rule out intraspinal anomalies PFTs to see if breathing is affected
47
what type of airway pattern would be seen if scoliosis was affecting breathing abilities
restrictive airway pattern
48
what is the treatment of scoliosis with a curve of 10-15 degrees
6-12 month follow up with clinical eval and possible xr
49
what is the treatment of scoliosis with a curve of 15-20 degrees
serial AP Xrays and follow up every 3-4 months
50
what is the treatment of scoliosis with a curve of 20 degrees or greater
referral to ortho for continuous monitoring and management
51
when is surgery usually indicated for scoliosis
curve > 40 degrees
52
what injury occurs when the head of the femur slips off the neckof the femur inferiorly and posteriorly
slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
53
what popuation is often affected by slipped capital femoral epiphysis
obses boy, 10-16yo with groin or knee pain worsening with activity
54
what x-ray series should be obtained if concerned for SCFE ## Footnote melissa.. dont get this wrong
AP and Frog-leg lateral of both hips MRI when XR negative
55
what is the treatment of SCFE
Surgical fixation with screw for all patients

Pediatrics - clinical (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions