ortho Flashcards
4th 5th fingers in flexed position at rest
inability to extend fingerst at interphlangeal joint
Dx?
claw hand
ulnar nerve damage
inability to oppose thumb
thumb on the same plane as other fingers at rest
ape hand
median nerve damage
a patient trie to make a fist but cannot flex 2nd, 3rd fingers.
2nd and 3rd fingers stay extended.
cannot oppose thum
hand of benediction
median nerve damage
wrist drop
what nerve damage?
radial nerve damage
painful thickened fascia of the 4th finger and palm
Dx? Tx?
Dupuytren’s contracture
collagenase injection
surgery (open fasciectomy)
Pain in the knee
Swelling
A popping sensation during the injury
Difficulty bending and straightening the leg
A tendency for your knee to get “stuck” or lock up
suspect menicus injury. what is the higly sensitive and specific physical examination?
Thessaly test.
the most commonly injured nerve by mid-shaft humerus fractures?
radial nerve
40 yo woman with a Hx of burining pain between third and fourth metatarsal aheads.
The pain gets worse on weight bearing on hard surface and relieved by talking off the shoe and squeesing the forefoot.
localized tenderness between the metatarsal heads.
Morton Neuroma
pain and feeling weakness of medial ankle and foot
the pain is aggravated by standing and walking
staing on toes aggravates the pain
tibialis posterior tendinopathy
thumb pain, gets worse with thumb and writs movements, feels like a dull ache.
tenderness noticed on palpation over and just proximal to the radial syloid.
Which test to aid the diagnosis?
diagnosis?
Tx?
Finkelstein’s test : holds the thumb in palm with fingers and deviate the wrist to ulnar side.
De Quervain tenosynositis
Steroid injection
mid-shaft humerus fracture.
complication? m/c nerve injury? findgins?
radial verve injury
inability to extent the thumb, wrist drop
Colles fracture
the earliest complication?
the most common complication?
- the earliest complication : Volkmann ischemic contracture
- the most common complication : malunion
nerve innvervation of arm muscles
flexor : biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis
extensors : triceps,
flexor : by musculocutaneous n
extensors : radial n.
open fracture, Management? (in right order)
- wound clean (gross contamination)
- take a photo
- dress with sterile wet cover
- IV analgesics,
- Reduction by gentle traction
- IV antibiotics
- tetanus prophylaxis if necessary
- surgical wound debridement in OR.
the most common complication of scaphoid fracture?
avascular necrosis
12 yrs, tibial tubercle pain, tenderness,
pain reproduced when straitening flexed knee
widening of apophysis and fragmetatio of bones
Dx?
Tx?
Px?
Osgood - Schlatter disease
self limiting in up to 12 months
Mallet finger.
what is damaged and what movement is limited?
frozen shoulder
adhesive capsulitis
sever pain
Tx?
prednisolone 30mg daily for three weeks and slowly taper.
Ottawa knee rules
a knee x-ray is required when a child is present with..what conditions?
- isolated patellar tenderness.
- tenderness at the head of the fibula
- inability to flex at 90%
- inability to bear weight immediately after trauma and in an emergency.
Pathophysiology? Tx?
- Transient synovitis of hip
- Legg-Calves-Perthes
- slipped capital femoral epiphsysis
- Osgood-Schlatter
- Transient synovitis of hip : age 4-10, no bony change, conservative Tx.
- Legg-Calves-Perthes: age 4-8, avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis, conservative Tx
- slipped capital femoral epiphsysis : age 10-15, overweight, displacement of femoral neck, surgical Tx
- Osgood-Schlatter : osteochondritis of the tibial tubercle.
