Ortho

Question 1

What are the two common fractures in the wrist?

Answer 1

Distal radial fractures:

1) Colles = dorsal displacement and angulation - occurs after falling on an outstretched hand
2) Smiths = volar displacement and angulation - occurs after falling on the back of their hand

Question 2

How are hip fractures classified?

Give examples of each

Answer 2

Intracapsular - intracapsular fracture

Extracapsular - trochanteric fracture // subtrochanteric

Question 3

Explain why a intracapsular fracture risks avascular necrosis or the femoral head and non-union

Answer 3

The BS to the femoral head comes from the medial femoral cirfumflex via the ascending cervical arteries - they travel along the intertrochanteric line - risk of occlusion if there is a fracture here

Question 4

How would a NOF# classical look from observation

Answer 4

Shortened
Abducted
Externally rotated

Question 5

When is pain the worse when examining a NOF#

Answer 5

Pain on palpation of the greater trochanter and by rotation of the hip

Question 6

When looking at an AP Xray of the hip what is Shenton’s line?

Answer 6

Shentons line is formed by the medial edge of the femoral neck and the inferior edge of the superior pubic ramus

Question 7

What are the 4 main parts of the femur

Answer 7

Head
Neck
Trochanter
Shaft

Question 8

In the knee - what is a fabella?

Answer 8

A normal sesamoid bone of lateral haed of gastrocnemius tendon (not a loose body or fracture)