Ortho 4 Flashcards
what are the 4 major components of elbow dysplasia?
- medial compartment disease (MCD)
- ununited anconeal process (UAP)
- osteochondrosis dissicans (OCD)
- incongruity
define UAP
typical signalment?
ununited anconeal process
large/giant breed dogs
males>females
5-12mo
changes in joint due to instability and possibly joint mice
what is the preferred rad position to diagnose UAP? why?
flexed lateral
idk why the lecture never said lmao
describe the C/S assoc with UAP
gradual onset weight bearing uni or bilateral lameness, worse after exercise
significant joint effusion
pain on palpation and extension, extension may be limited
what are the surgical options to treat UAP and expected risks/benefits of each?
anconeal process removal, anconeal process reattachment, ulnar osteotomy/ostectomy, combination of reattachment and osteotomy/ectomy
early intervention is ideal to limit DJD
progression of OA
do you expect the C/S of MCD to differ significantly from UAP? if different, list them
share common C/S (lameness, pain on manipulation of joint, joint effusion)
bilateral disease makes lameness difficult to appreciate
elbows abducted and manus externally rotated
rads and CT have both been used extensively in the diagnosis of elbow dysplasia. which one is gold standard and what benefits does it offer in comparison to the other?
CT = gold standard for MCP –> allows evaluation of subchondral bone (vs arthroscopy), but is unable to image cartilage
what benefit does arthroscopy offer?
unparalleled visibility of joint surfaces and simultaneous minimally invasive tx of MCD
what are the surgical options to treat MCD?
- arthotomy vs arthroscopy
- fragment removal and subtotal coronoid osteotomy
- biceps ulnar release procedure (BURP)
- ulnar osteotomy/ostectomy
- osteotomy of humerus
- unicompartmental elbow replacement
- arthrodesis
what are the medical options to treat MCD?
- NSAIDs
- weight mgmt
- exercise mod
- injections (steroids, etc)
- radiation
do all dogs with MCD need medical mgmt?
yes ??
what is the expected outcome for treatment of OCD of the medial humeral condyle?
good clinical results obtained if sx done before DJD well est (<9mo)
later treatment = poorer prognosis
what is the typical signalment of MCD?
young large/giant dogs
males>females
6-18mo
the best prognosis with MCD is when…?
- early surgical tx in young dogs
- minimal/mild OA
- combined with post-op rehab and preventative measures against OA
what are the 4 most common places for OCD?
- humeral condyle
- shoulder
- talus
- stifle
