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ENT > Orofacial Dz > Flashcards

Orofacial Dz Flashcards

1
Q

Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis

A

Strep Mutans destroys hard tissues of teeth, and progresses into dental pulp.

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2
Q

Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis S/S

A

Hot/cold sensitivity

Continuous throbbing pain

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3
Q

Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis Tx and prevention

A

Normal dental hyegine
Simple: restoration
pulpitis: Abx, NSAIDS, root canal

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4
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of marginal gingiva
Earliest form of peridontal dz
Usually caused by anaerobes

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5
Q

Gingivitis S/S

A

Usually painless
Increased bleeding w/ brushing
Soft tissue separation (pocket)

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6
Q

Dental (periodontal) abscess

A

Gingival soft tissue inflammation/infection

Edema, erythema, pyorrhea, pain

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7
Q

Dental (periodontal) abscess Tx and prevention

A

Normal oral hygiene
Oral Abx (PCN, clinda)
NSAIDS prn.

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8
Q

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

A

Vincents angina (trench mouth)
Ulcerations of the interdental papillae
Strongly associated with HIV
Halitosis

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9
Q

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis Tx

A

PCN, metronidazole
or
Clinda alone

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10
Q

Ludwigs angina

A

Rapidly spreading cellulitis of sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Usually begins as infected lower molar

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11
Q

Ludwigs angina S/S

A

Fever
Drooling/ trismus
Edema in SL area, spreading down neck.

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12
Q

Ludwigs angina Tx

A

IV Abx
IV PNC + beta lactamase inhibitor
AND
Flagyl

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13
Q

Herpetic Lesions

A

Cold sores, painful vesicles in tongue or buccal mucosa.
Can be anywhere on mouth/face
Tx with acyclovoir

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14
Q

Herpangina

A

Picornovirus (coxsackie) virus.
Painful, fever, ST
Vesicles present on soft palate for 7-10 days
Analgesic tx

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15
Q

Oral Candidiasis

A

Thrush
Occurs in neonates, abx use, immunocompromised
White plaques in tongue, burning tongue, raw throat

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16
Q

Thrush tx

A

Topical antifungals
-Nystatin swish and swallow
Oral diflucan used w/ recurrent infxn

17
Q

Hairy Tongue

A

Elongation of filiform papillae of dorsal surface

Causes discoloration of tongue

18
Q

Apthous Stomatitis (Ulcers)

A 
Most common oral ulceration
seen in 10 - 20% of pop
Thought to be autoimmune process
Common in puberty - 22yo
Last 7-10 days
19
Q

Apthous Stomatitis (Ulcers) Tx

A 
Depends on the etiology.
Vitamin B, folate
stress relief
Licorice
Corticosteroids
20
Q

Geographic Tongue

A

Asymptomatic inflammatory condition
Wandering red patches across tongue surface
Rapid loss and regrowth of papillae

21
Q

Oral Leukoplakia

A

Benign epithelial hyperplasia
Strongly associated w/ HIV infxn
Asymptomatic lesions on lateral portion of tongue
Respond to high dose acyclovir

22
Q

Oral Cancer

A

2-4% of malignancies in US
Tobacco, ETOH use, HPV
All ulcerative oral lesions that fail to heal in 2 weeks should be biopsied.

23
Q

Xerostomia

A

Dry mouth syndrome
Diuretics and anticholinergenics
Treat with salivary substitutes, stimulation

24
Q

Gingival hyperplasia

A

Caused by meds

Phenytoin, CCB, cyclosporin

25
Q

Mucositis

A

Caused by chemo, radiation or head, neck cancers

Edema and painful chewing, swallowing.

26
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A 
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Causes glossitis (smooth, red, sore tongue)
Iron deficiency:  angular cheilitis
27
Q

Oral manifestation of vitamin C deficiency

A

Tooth loosening and ulcerations

28
Q

Mononucleosis

A

Palatal petechiae

Pharyngitis, lethargy, ST

29
Q

AIDS/HIV

A

Oral candidiasis
Vincents angina
Hairy leukoplakia
* Oral kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma *

30
Q

Cheilosis (Cheilitis)

A

Inflammation and/or fissuring of the lips
Infection, environmental
Eliminate cause

31
Q

Sialoadenitis

A

Infections of the salivary glands
Can be secondary to salivary stones
Edema, pain
May have purulent drainage

32
Q

TMJ Dysfxn

A

Usually adult females
Difficulty opening mouth
Bruxism ** (tooth grinding)

33
Q

TMJ Tx

A

Physiotherapy
Warm compresses
Pureed diet
Analgesics, muscle relaxants

ENT (8 decks)

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