Orofacial Dz Flashcards
Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis
Strep Mutans destroys hard tissues of teeth, and progresses into dental pulp.
Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis S/S
Hot/cold sensitivity
Continuous throbbing pain
Dental Caries/ Acute Pulpitis Tx and prevention
Normal dental hyegine
Simple: restoration
pulpitis: Abx, NSAIDS, root canal
Gingivitis
Inflammation of marginal gingiva
Earliest form of peridontal dz
Usually caused by anaerobes
Gingivitis S/S
Usually painless
Increased bleeding w/ brushing
Soft tissue separation (pocket)
Dental (periodontal) abscess
Gingival soft tissue inflammation/infection
Edema, erythema, pyorrhea, pain
Dental (periodontal) abscess Tx and prevention
Normal oral hygiene
Oral Abx (PCN, clinda)
NSAIDS prn.
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
Vincents angina (trench mouth)
Ulcerations of the interdental papillae
Strongly associated with HIV
Halitosis
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis Tx
PCN, metronidazole
or
Clinda alone
Ludwigs angina
Rapidly spreading cellulitis of sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Usually begins as infected lower molar
Ludwigs angina S/S
Fever
Drooling/ trismus
Edema in SL area, spreading down neck.
Ludwigs angina Tx
IV Abx
IV PNC + beta lactamase inhibitor
AND
Flagyl
Herpetic Lesions
Cold sores, painful vesicles in tongue or buccal mucosa.
Can be anywhere on mouth/face
Tx with acyclovoir
Herpangina
Picornovirus (coxsackie) virus.
Painful, fever, ST
Vesicles present on soft palate for 7-10 days
Analgesic tx
Oral Candidiasis
Thrush
Occurs in neonates, abx use, immunocompromised
White plaques in tongue, burning tongue, raw throat
Thrush tx
Topical antifungals
-Nystatin swish and swallow
Oral diflucan used w/ recurrent infxn
Hairy Tongue
Elongation of filiform papillae of dorsal surface
Causes discoloration of tongue
Apthous Stomatitis (Ulcers)
Most common oral ulceration seen in 10 - 20% of pop Thought to be autoimmune process Common in puberty - 22yo Last 7-10 days
Apthous Stomatitis (Ulcers) Tx
Depends on the etiology. Vitamin B, folate stress relief Licorice Corticosteroids
Geographic Tongue
Asymptomatic inflammatory condition
Wandering red patches across tongue surface
Rapid loss and regrowth of papillae
Oral Leukoplakia
Benign epithelial hyperplasia
Strongly associated w/ HIV infxn
Asymptomatic lesions on lateral portion of tongue
Respond to high dose acyclovir
Oral Cancer
2-4% of malignancies in US
Tobacco, ETOH use, HPV
All ulcerative oral lesions that fail to heal in 2 weeks should be biopsied.
Xerostomia
Dry mouth syndrome
Diuretics and anticholinergenics
Treat with salivary substitutes, stimulation
Gingival hyperplasia
Caused by meds
Phenytoin, CCB, cyclosporin
