Origins Of The Civil War Flashcards
When was the Short Parliament?
April-May 1640
Why was the Short Parliament a failure for the King?
Charles asked for 12 subsidies (£300,000) to fund the Bishops Wars. MPs had little enthusiasm for War and not convinced that the Scots were the enemies of the crown. Secondly, MPs wanted their grievances addressed, specifically wanting Ship Money and impositions abolishes.
Why did Charles dissolve the Short Parliament?
Parliament we’re taking a long time to respond, making Charles more irritated.
What were the events of Scotland and the North ?
By August 1640, the Scots were again in an armed rebellion against Charles. The English Army was being led by Stratford who gained money from the Irish Parliament. The Scots crossed the Tweed and the English army were reluctant to fight and fell back, which allowed the Scots to take Newcastle.
What was the result of the events in Scotland and the North?
In September, Charles summoned the Council of Peers to York to give him advice. By favoured coming to terms with the Scots, but the terms were harsh. Charles had to pay £850 a day until a full settlement was reached and they were to hold Newcastle.
What were Charles’ aims for the Long Parliament?
Money was his prime aim due to him being in a desperate financial situation following the agreement with the Scots.
What were parliaments aims of the Long Parliament?
They wanted to see the removal of Charles’ ‘evil advisors’, especially Strafford. They wanted to reform the church along Puritan lines. They were determined to increase the role of Parliament in government.
What was the Convocation?
The convocation was the Church equivalent of parliament, dealing with church affairs and met at the same time as parliament.
What were the canons of 1640?
A set of canons intended to show Laud’s reforms were not altering the established religion and moving the country towards Catholicism.
What did the canons include?
The approval of altar rails, the endorsement of the Divine Right and an oath to uphold ‘the government of the Church by Bishops, priests and deacons etc.’
What were the Reforms of the Long Parliament?
Triennial Act saw that there could be no more than three years between meetings of parliament.
That Parliament could not be dissolved without its own consent.
Ship money was illegal, no one could be forced to take a knighthood, Royal Forest boundaries were to be as in 1623, Star-chamber and Court of High Commission were abolished.
Collection of tonnage and poundage and impositions were legalised.
How did these measures make the king dependant on Parliament?
He was dependent for the finance of his government and he could not use law courts to enforce his will.
Why did parliament want Strafford executed?
He was seen as the man most likely to take hard action against them. He had control of a large army which made parliament fear that he would use it in England.
Why was Strafford executed?
He was also accused of trying to subvert ancient and fundamental laws of England and Scotland, arbitrary and tyrannical government and provoking war against the Scots. He had control of a large army which made parliament fear that he would use it in England.
What was happening on May 11th, 1641?
John Pym had stirred up the London Mob and Charles was fearful for his family’s safety so he agreed to Strafford’s execution. Charles never forgave those who had forced him into proceeding with Strafford’s execution.
