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History > Origins of Cold War > Flashcards

Origins of Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Yalta conference?

A

Before the war ended in 1945

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2
Q

Who were the Big 3 at Yalta?

A

Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt

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3
Q

In what 2 ways did the ‘Big 3’ liberate Europe?

A

Free elections and emergency governments were set up

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4
Q

Who were the polish exiles that were to be allowed in the Polish government? (Decided at Yalta)

A

London Poles

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5
Q

What did the USSR gain from the decisions at Yalta?

A

Polish land

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6
Q

What happened to the German borders? (Decided at Yalta)

A

Germany was split into 4 sections

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7
Q

When was the Postdam Conference?

A

July 1945

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8
Q

Who were the ‘Big 3’ at Postdam?

A

Stalin, Truman and Atlee

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9
Q

What did the USSR receive from the other allies?

A

Reparations in the form of resources

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10
Q

What was to happen in regards to Nazi Germany?

A

Denazification

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11
Q

Which 2 countries had their borders decided at Postdam?

A

Poland and Germany

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12
Q

What became apparent at the Potsdam conference (in regards to Stalin)?

A

He was paying ‘lip service’ to Yalta - there were no London poles in the Lublin government

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13
Q

When was the first atom bomb dropped?

A

August 6th 1945

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14
Q

What was the name of the two places that were bombed? (Atom bomb)

A

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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15
Q

How many people were killed outright at Hiroshima?

A

78,000

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16
Q

How many people had died by the end of the year in Nagasaki?

A

80,000

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17
Q

How many buildings were destroyed?

A

70,000/78,000

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18
Q

What did the atom bomb put a stop to?

A

World War Two

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19
Q

What was started between the USSR and USA due to the dropping of the atom bomb?

A

The ‘arms race’

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20
Q

What was the situation in Poland in June 1945?

A

Communists dominated the government

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21
Q

What did Stalin do to ensure that the communist party took control in Poland?

A

Rigged elections

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22
Q

Who fled Poland which resulted in Poland becoming a communist state?

A

The leader of the London Poles - Mikolaczyk

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23
Q

Who did Stalin appoint in Romania to begin his takeover of the government?

A

The prime minister

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24
Q

What did the Communists do to the monarchy in Romania?

A

Abolished them

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25
Q

What did Stalin do in Bulgaria to ensure Communist majority vote? (November 1945)

A

Rigged elections

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26
Q

What did the Communists do once they were in power in Bulgaria?

A

Abolished all other parties

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27
Q

When were the elections rigged in Hungary?

A

August 1947

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28
Q

When were all non communist parties banned in Hungary?

A

November 1947

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29
Q

What was set up in Czechoslovakia before they became a communist state?

A

A coalition government made up of no communist and non communist MPs

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30
Q

Who was murdered in Czechoslovakia due to his opposing views of the communists?

A

Masaryk - The foreign minister

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31
Q

What method did Stalin use to make Czechoslovakia a communist state?

A

Rigged elections

32
Q

When was the Truman doctrine established?

A

March 1947

33
Q

What did the Truman Doctrine say?

A

Supported countries against Communist influence to CONTAIN communism in order to prevent the DOMINO EFFECT

34
Q

When was the Marshall Plan established?

A

June 1947

35
Q

What was the Marshall plan?

A

Providing financial support to war torn countries

Active way of enforcing the Truman Doctrine

36
Q

What does Cominform mean?

A

Communist Information Bureau

37
Q

What did Cominform do?

A

Co-ordinated communist governments in Eastern Europe and USSR told them what to do

38
Q

What does Comecon mean?

A

Council of mutual economic assisstance

39
Q

What did Comecon do?

A

Co-ordinated communist economies in terms of trade (no trading with the west)

40
Q

When was ‘Trizonia’ formed?

A

1947

41
Q

When was the Deustchmark introduced into West Germany?

A

23rd June 1948

42
Q

What date did Stalin begin the Berlin Blockade?

A

24th June 1948

43
Q

What was the Berlin Blockade?

A

All communications were cut off from west Germany to West Berlin - meaning West Berlin had no more way of receiving resources by land

44
Q

When did the Airlift start?

A

26th June 1948

45
Q

How many tonnes of resources were being delivered at the start of the airlift?

A

600

46
Q

How many tonnes were being flown in by spring 1949? (Berlin Blockade)

A

8000

47
Q

What did the Soviets do to try to convince west Berliners to join the east?

A

Cut off electricity and promised them extra rations

48
Q

When was the Blockade ended?

A

May 1949

49
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic treaty organisation

50
Q

When was NATO formed?

A

April 1949

51
Q

What did NATO ensure?

A

That if any members were attacked or went to war then the others would support

52
Q

Which countries were part of NATO

A

Countries west of the Iron Curtain

53
Q

What Pact was formed as a result of the NATO formation?

A

Warsaw Pact

54
Q

When was the Warsaw Pact formed?

A

1955

55
Q

What did the Warsaw Pact ensure?

A

Military alliance of ‘mutual assistance’ of communist countries

56
Q

What was the Warsaw Pact a direct rival to?

A

NATO

57
Q

When did the ‘arms race’ begin?

A

1945 - as a result of the atom bomb

58
Q

In what year did USSR develop their own nuclear bomb?

A

1949

59
Q

How much did expenditure into the US ground forces increase between 1950 and 1953?

A

From $11-$50billion

60
Q

Who created the worlds first hydrogen bomb and when was it created

A

USA 1952

61
Q

When did USSR create their own Hydrogen bomb?

A

1953

62
Q

How much did USA increase their spending on arms in the late 1950s

A

$7 billion

63
Q

What does ICBM stand for?

A

Inter-continental ballistic missile

64
Q

What year did USSR develop ICBMs?

A

1957

65
Q

What year did USA use U2 planes to check on the Soviet military position?

A

1957

66
Q

When was the nuclear test ban?

A

1963

67
Q

Why did USA get involved in the Korea situation?

A

They were worried that South Korea would fall to communism

68
Q

What did the USA want to do that was more active than just containing communism? (In Korea)

A

Roll back communism

69
Q

Why were the NKPA successful?

A

By September 1950 all of South Korea was occupied except Pusan

70
Q

What did General MacArthur do that was successful in Korea?

A

Pushed the NKPA towards China in October 1950

71
Q

What event in Russia caused hostility between the USA and USSR?

A

The civil war - the USA supported the ‘whites’

72
Q

How many men did China send to help the NKPA?

A

200,000

73
Q

Where did the North Korea and China push the UN back to?

A

38th Parallel

74
Q

What did the Korean War lead to the formation of?

A

SEATO

75
Q

What had been put into practice during the Korean War?

A

Containment

History (6 decks)

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