Origins, insertions and nerve roots

Question 1

Gluteus maximus

Answer 1

Origin: gluteal surface and adjacent boarder of ilium, iliac crest

Insertion: deep part to gluteal tuberosity of femur, superficial 3/4 iliotibial tract

Nerve supply and root: inferior gluteal nerve - L5, S1,2

Question 2

Gluteus medius

Answer 2

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium and covering fascia

Insertion: superolateral side of greater trochanter

Nerve supply and root: superior gluteal nerve L4,5 + S1

Question 3

Gluteus minimus

Answer 3

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium deep and anterior to medius.

Insertion: anterosuperior aspect greater trochanter

Nerve supply and root: superior gluteal nerve L4,5 S1

Question 4

Psoas major

Answer 4

Origin: Bodies of adjacent vertebrae and discs T12-L5, front of all lumbar transverse processes.

Insertion: With iliacus into lesser trochanter of femur

Nerve supply and root: Anterior rami of L1,2,3,4

Question 5

Iliacus

Answer 5

Origin: Upper and posterior 2/3 of iliac fossa

Insertion: Into lesser trochanter of femur with psoas major

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3

Question 6

Pectineus

Answer 6

Origin: Superior ramus of pubis, iliopubic eminence and pubic tubercle

Insertion: Pectineal line on upper posterior part of femur

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3

Question 7

Adductor magnus

Answer 7

Origin: Femoral surface of ischiopubic ramus, inferior surface of ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Whole length of linea aspera and medial supracondylar ridge

Nerve supply: Obturator nerve L2,3

Question 8

Gracilis

Answer 8

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion: Medial surface shaft of tibia between sartorius and semitendinosus

Nerve supply: Obturator nerve L2,3

Question 9

Semitendinosus

Answer 9

Origin: Lower medial facet on ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface upper part of tibia

Nerve supply: Sciatic nerve L5,S1,2

Question 10

Semimembranosus

Answer 10

Origin: Upper lateral facet on ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Posteromedial surface of medial tibial condyle

Nerve supply: Sciatic nerve L5, S1, 2

Question 11

Bicep femoris

Answer 11

Origin:
𝐥𝐨𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - lower medial facet on ischial tuberosity
𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - lower half lateral lip linea aspera of femur

Insertion: head of fibula

Nerve supply: Sciatic nerve L5,S1,2

Question 12

Rectus femoris

Answer 12

Origin:
𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - from anterior inferior iliac spine
𝐫𝐞𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - from above acetabulum

Insertion: base of patella

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3,4

Question 13

Vastus lateralis

Answer 13

Origin: upper part intertrochanteric line, lower boarder greater trochanter

Insertion: Base and lateral boarder patella

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3,4

Question 14

Vastus medialis

Answer 14

Origin: lower part intertrochanteric line

Insertion: medial boarder patella
Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3,4

Question 15

Vastus intermedius

Answer 15

Origin: upper 2/3 anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

Insertion: base of patella with rec. fem.

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3,4

Question 16

Sartorius

Answer 16

Origin: ASIS

Insertion: upper medial part shaft of tibia in front of semitendinosus and gracilis

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve L2,3

Question 17

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 17

Origin: ASIS and adjacent iliac crest

Insertion: between 2 layers of IT tract which attaches to lateral tibial condyle

Nerve supply: Superior gluteal nerve L4,5

Question 18

Popliteus

Answer 18

Origin: outer suface lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: posterior surface of tibia above soleal line

Nerve supply: tibial nerve L5

Question 19

Gastrocnemius

Answer 19

Origin:
𝐦𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - medial supracondylar ridge and adductor tubercle of femur
𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 - outer surface lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: via tendocalceus to posterior surface calcaneus

Nerve supply: tibial nerve S1,2

Question 20

Soleus

Answer 20

Origin: soleal line posterior surface of tibia

Insertion: via tendocalcaneus with gastroc. to posterior surface calcaneus

Nerve supply: tibial nerve S1,2

Question 21

Tibialis posterior

Answer 21

Origin: upper part posterior surface of tibia (below soleal line), posterior surface of interosseous membrane

Insertion: tubercle of navicular and medial cuneiform with expansion to all tarsal bones except talus.

Nerve supply: Tibial nerve L4,5

Question 22

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 22

Origin: lower 2/3 posterior surface of fibula

Insertion: plantar surface base of distal phalanx

Nerve supply: Tibial nerve S1,2