Origins Flashcards

1
Q

What is theoretical value?

A

A visionary set of IDEAS that hold value only in THEORY that should be FURTHER developed in order to hold PRACTICAL TRUTH.

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2
Q

AO1 - Wundt (Outline the origins)

A

> Wundt known as ‘the founding father of psychology’ – moved from philosophical roots to controlled research.

> Set up the first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879.

> Promoted the use of introspection as a way of studying mental processes.

> Introspection – systematic analysis of own conscious experience of a stimulus.

> An experience was analysed in terms of its component parts e.g. sensations, emotional reaction etc.

> His work paved the way for later controlled research and the study of mental processes e.g. by cognitive psychologists.

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3
Q

What is introspection?

A

The SYSTEMATIC analysis of one’s own CONSCIOUS experience in response to a STIMULUS. It’s broken down into it’s components.

The stimulus could be a ticking METRONOME.

Pps reflect on their experiences and record what they feel and answer questions.

Here’s the stimulus.
What do you think / feel about the stimulus?

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4
Q

Introspection 3 key terms

A

Systematic analysis

Conscious experience

Stimulus

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5
Q

Outline the method used by Wundt in his research

A

Wundt used the scientific method to study the mind.

He tested participants in a controlled environment, to understand cause & effect.

He would present participants with a stimulus on repeated occasions, and would ask pps to report their experience of the stimulus through introspection.

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6
Q

Outline Watson’s contribution to the origins of psychology (AO1)

A

> Watson was the first behaviourist - aim was to make psychology more scientific & objective discipline by conducting CONTROLLED research into OBSERVABLE behaviour and operationalise variables to produce empirical evidence.

> It is impossible to study mental processes.

> When we are born our mind is a blank slate (tabula rasa)

> Most behaviour is learned through exposure to the environment.

> Behaviour is the result of a response to a stimulus.

> There is little difference between the learning that takes place in humans and other animals.

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7
Q

4 AO3s for origins

A

Wundt : introspection is scientific (replicability) (+)
Wundt : introspection isn’t scientific (objectivity) (-)
Wundt: limited use (-)
Watson: objectivity (+)

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8
Q

Wundt : introspection is scientific (replicability) (+)

A

standardised -> process -> credibility

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9
Q

Wundt : introspection isn’t scientific (objectivity) (-)

A

bias? -> iv -> conc. -> objectivity -> limits value

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9
Q

Wundt : introspection isn’t scientific (objectivity) (-)

A

bias? -> iv -> conc. -> objectivity -> limits value

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9
Q

Wundt : introspection isn’t scientific (objectivity) (-)

A

bias? -> iv -> conc. -> objectivity -> limits value

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10
Q

Wundt : limited use (-)

A

children -> applicability -> utility

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11
Q

Watson : objectivity (+)

A

lab controlled -> measurable n operational -> emiprical data -> credibility

theoretical goal is prediction and control of behaviour

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