Organsim organisation and plant and animal cell structures. Flashcards
Characteristics of Living Organisms
Movement,Respiration,Sensitivity,
Contol Internal Conditions,Growth and Development,Excretion, Nutrition
What is Respiration?
Respiration is the body’s way of producing energy from the food we eat. It involves the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen into carbon dioxide and water with the release of energy-generating molecules called ATP.
What is excretion?
Excretion is the process where all the metabolic wastes are removed from the body. Excretion in humans is carried through different body parts and internal organs in a series of processes. Diffusion is the most common process of excretion in lower organisms.
What does it mean for an organism to control their internal conditions?
Homeostasis is the regulation of a constant internal environment. The conditions are maintained to ensure optimum conditions for metabolism and changes in response to both internal and external fluctuations.
Variety of living things-
Plants
Animals
Fungi
Bacteria
Protoctists
Viruses
What does a plants cell contain?
A cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuole, mitochondria, cytoplasm
What the of a cell is a plant cell?
A plant cell is eukaryotic, meaning it possesses a nucleus and has other structures surrounded by membrane.
Why does a plant cell have a vacuole?
In a plant cell a vacuole fills with cell sap which keeps the cell swollen and turgid. As when liquid enters the vacuole it pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall making it firm.
What is the cell walls purpose in a plant cell?
The cell wall provide the cell with structure and protection. They are made up of cellulose in plant cells.
What is a chloroplast?
A chloroplast is an organelle within the cell which contains the green pigment, chlorophyll, which absorbs the light energy for photosynthesis. It contains the enzymes needed photosynthesis.
What do plant cells store carbohydrates as?
Starch or sucrose.
What are the basic structures of an animal cell?
An animal cell contains, cytoplasm, a nucleus, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria.
What is the purpose of cytoplasm in cells?
cytoplasm is a jelly-like material that contains dissolved nutrients of salts, and structures called organelles. It is where many chemical reactions happen.
What is a nucleus?
A nucleus stores the cells genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cells activities.
What is the cells membrane role in a cell?
A cell membrane is only permeable to specific substances and not to others, so it controls the movement of substances in and out of a cell.
What is a mitochondria?
A mitochondria is the ‘powerhouse’ of a cell. It contains an organelle which has the enzymes needed for cellular respiration, it is the place where aerobic respiration occurs, producing the energy a cell needs to survive.
What is a ribosome?
A ribosome is where protein synthesis occurs.
What structures are visible to a light microscope in an animal cell?
The cytoplasm, nucleus and membrane. The mitochondria are also visible but can’t see any detail in them.
What structures can you see in an electron microscope that you couldn’t see in a light microscope in a animal cell?
The mitochondria in detail and the ribosomes.
What structures are visible under a light microscope in a plant cell?
The cell wall, the cell membrane , the nucleus, the vacuole, chloroplasts and the cytoplasm.
What structures are visible under an electron microscope that aren’t visible with a light microscope in a plant cell.
Mitochondria and ribosomes.
Do animal cells ever have vacuoles?
Animal cells sometimes have vacuoles but they would be small and temporary and in animals, they are commonly used to store or transport substances
What do animals store carbohydrates have?
Animals store their carbs as glycogen.
