organs, parts of the brain, definitions, functions

Question 1

wzgórze

Answer 1

thalamus- relays sensory information

Question 2

podwzgóze

Answer 2

hypothalamus - mainains the body in balanced condition, controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, anger

Question 3

opuszka węchowa

Answer 3

olfactory bulbs - responsible for the sense of smell

Question 4

móżdżek

Answer 4

cerebellum - coordinates body’s movement, posture, balance

Question 5

śródmózgowie

Answer 5

midbrain - responsible for regulation of vision and hearing

Question 6

most (część pnia mózgu)

Answer 6

pons - regulates sleep-wake cycles

Question 7

rdzeń przedłużony

Answer 7

medulla oblongata - regulates basic body functions, including heart rate, blood pressure and respiration

Question 8

części pnia mózgu

Answer 8

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 9

szyszynka

Answer 9

pineal gland - control the circadian cycle of sleep and wakefulness by secreting melatonin

Question 10

półkula

Answer 10

(left/right) cerebral hemisphere

Question 11

ciało modzelowate/spoidło wielkie

Answer 11

corpus callosum - connects the two cerebral hemispeheres

Question 12

ciało migdałowate

Answer 12

amygdala - agression and fear (armagedon, final battle, battle - agression and fear); overall emotions

Question 13

obszar asocjacyjny kory mózgowej

Answer 13

frontal association areas - impulse control (student losing patience, crowding to the front of the line, he lost impulse control)

Question 14

lewa półkula

Answer 14

left hemisphere - handles language

Question 15

prawa półkula

Answer 15

right hemisphere - controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills

Question 16

hipokamp

Answer 16

hippocampus - memories

Question 17

płat skroniowy

Answer 17

temporal lobe - hearing

Question 18

płat ciemieniowy

Answer 18

parietal lobe - sense of touch (parents is touching baby)

Question 19

obszar Broki

Answer 19

Broca’s area - directs muscles for speech production (breaking a doll, it won’t talk)

Question 20

kora mózgu

Answer 20

cerebral cortex - judgment (cereal court, judge, cereal)

Question 21

płat czołowy

Answer 21

frontal lobe - voluntary movement, expressive language and for managing higher level executive functions

Question 22

płat potyliczny

Answer 22

occipital lobe - visuospatial processing, distance and depth perception, color determination, object and face recognition, and memory formation

Question 23

komórki w mózgu

Answer 23

glial cells (komórki glejowe) - supporting cells, ptovide neurons with nutrients, protection, physical support
nerve cells/neurons (komórki nerwowe) - most important cells, connected by synapses to thousand of other neurons forming neural network, neurons transmit information to the rest of body through lectrical and chemical signals and relate information back to specific areas of the brain ad process it into an appropriate response

Question 24

synapsa

Answer 24

synapse - connects sensory organs, like those that detect pain or touch, in the peripheral nervous system to the brain. Synapses connect neurons in the brain to neurons in the rest of the body and from those neurons to the muscles

Question 25

kresomózgowie

Answer 25

cerebrum - controls higher mental functions

Question 26

kora wzrokowa

Answer 26

visual cortex - to receive, segment, and integrate visual information

Question 27

przysadka mózgowa

Answer 27

pituitary gland - growth hormone — which regulates growth

Question 28

części układu limbicznego

Answer 28

thalamus, hupothalamus, pituitary gland and amygdala

Question 29

tarczyca

Answer 29

thyroid - plays a major role in the metabolism, growth and development of the human body

Question 30

przytarczyny

Answer 30

parathyroid glands - to make the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?????????

Question 31

trzustka

Answer 31

pancreas - sends out hormones that control the amount of sugar in your bloodstream

Question 32

thum

Question 33

grasica

Answer 33

thymus - plays a key role in immunity by producing white blood cells known as T cells. It also contributes to the production of hormones such as insulin

Question 34

układ endokrynny (?) - funkcja

Answer 34

regulating body by releasing hormones

Question 35

neuromodulatory

Answer 35

neuromodulators - groups of neurotransmitters

Question 36

neurotransmitery

Answer 36

neurotransmitters - chemicals that transmit signals from neurons to other cells

Question 37

tyłomózgowie

Answer 37

hindbrain - where spinal cord rises to meet the brain

Question 38

structures of hindbrain

Answer 38

medulla, pons, cerebellum, reticular activating system MP CR ‘michu powiesz co robisz?’

Question 39

przodomózgowie

Answer 39

forebrain - forward-most part of the brain

Question 40

stuctures of forebrain

Answer 40

thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, cerebrum (verebral cortex, corpus callosum)

Question 41

hormon

Answer 41

hormone - substance secreted by an endocrine system; regulates various body functions - homeostasis, growth, metabolism, some behaviours

Question 42

imagining techniques

Answer 42

CT (CAT), MRI, fMRI - show structures of the brain;
EEG, MEG, PET, fMRI - indicate brain functioning

Question 43

osłonka mielinowa

Answer 43

myelin sheath - allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells

Question 44

okres refrakcji?

Answer 44

refcractory period - period of inactivity after a neuron has fired

Question 45

interneurons

Answer 45

carry sensory information and regulate motor activity

Question 46

motor neurons

Answer 46

allows for both voluntary and involuntary movements through the innervation of effector muscles and glands

Question 47

sensory neurons

Answer 47

activated by sensory input from the environment

Question 48

obszar Wernickiego

Answer 48

Wernicke’s area - associated with language comprehension

Question 49

lezja

Answer 49

lesion - a region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease, such as a wound, ulcer, abscess, or tumour