Organs Flashcards
Liver
Stores extra carbohydrates as glycogen
Detoxifies Chemicals
Filters out damaged blood cells
Produce bile salts
Gall bladder
Stores bile and releases it into the upper region of small intestine (duodenum)
Small intestine
most digestion and absorbtion of nutrients
Large intestine
Reabsorbs water and some vitamins/minerals
Caecum (large intestine)
Contains bacteria important for the digestion of plant matter
Rectum (large intestine)
Stores non digestible material (feces) before excretion via the anus
Spleen
Removes old red blood cells
storage of lymphocytes and red blood cells
Stomach
Digestion of protein
Food storage
pancreas (dorsal to the stomach)
Secretes digestive enzymes Produces hormones (insullin and glucagon) to regulate blood-glucose levels.
Kidney
produces urine (osmoregulation and nitrogen waste excretion)
Ureter
carries urine from kidney to urinary bladder
Urinary bladder
Stroees urine
ovary (female)
Produce eggs (female gamete) and female sex hormones
uterine horn
Development of fetus
Testis (male)
Produces sperms (male gamete) and male sex hormones
Penis
Insemination of female
Urination (urethra)
Larynx
Contains vocal chords (voice box)
Trachea
Carries air from larynx to lungs (branches into bronchi, bronchioles and ends in sacs called alveoli where gas exchange occurs)
Thymus (3 lobes)
Site of T-lymphocyte development
Produces hormones that stimulate lymphocyte development
Thyroid
Produces hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism
Esophagus (posterior to trachea)
Carries food from pharynx to stomach
Heart
Pumps blood throughout circulatory system
Lungs
Site of gas exchange
Diaphragm
Muscle that seperates the abdominal and thoracic cavities
Contraction causes it to move downward during inhalation ; decreasing the pressure of the thoracic cavity (negative pressure breathing)
Hard palate
Separates nasal cavity from oral cavity (anterior)
Soft palate (uvula = extension of soft palate)
Separates nasal cavity from oral cavity (posterior)
Pharynx
passageway for food to esophagus and air to larynx
Nasopharynx
nasal passageway into pharynx
Epiglottis
Flap of tissue that covers the glottis (opening to larynx) when swallowing
(Prevents choking)
